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Evaluation Of Tumour Necrosis Factor α And Zonulin As Potential Biomarkers For Intestinal Permeability In Acute Enteropathies In Dogs
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Abstract(s)
As Enteropatias Agudas Caninas são distúrbios intestinais, caracterizados por sintomas gastrointestinais, com duração de 3 a 7 dias. O diagnóstico preciso da gastroenterite apresenta desafios, impulsionando a exploração de biomarcadores inovadores para o maneio não invasivo da doença. A zonulina regula a permeabilidade intestinal de forma reversível, enquanto o fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-α), uma citocina pró-inflamatória, desempenha um papel crucial na inflamação intestinal. Apesar da investigação limitada na medicina veterinária, esses biomarcadores podem ser importantes no diagnóstico e prognóstico de doenças gastrointestinais. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as concentrações de zonulina sérica e fecal em cães com diarreia aguda e em animais saudáveis, avaliando as alterações na permeabilidade intestinal. O estudo incluiu 6 cães com enteropatias agudas e 11 cães saudáveis. Foram analisadas amostras de sangue e fezes de ambos os grupos para quantificação da concentração de zonulina e TNF-α por Ensaio de Imunoabsorção Enzimática. Os resultados mostraram que os cães com diarreia aguda apresentaram níveis significativamente mais altos (p<0,05>) de TNF-α no plasma (167,10 ± 18,92 pg/mL; n=6,) em comparação com os controlos (126,40 ± 37,62 pg/mL; n=11), com uma tendência para aumentar os níveis plasmáticos de zonulina (35.07 ± 7.96 ng/mL; n=6 versus 28.54 ± 9.10 ng/mL, n=11). Em contraste, os níveis fecais de zonulina foram significativamente (p<0,05) mais baixos nos cães diarreicos (13,10 ± 11,63 pg/mL; n=3,) em comparação com os animais controlo (151,40 ± 48,45 ng/mL; n=10), enquanto o TNF-α mostrou uma tendência para diminuir nos cães com diarreia (391.30 ± 383.80 pg/mL, n=3 versus 712.20 ± 58.66 pg/mL, n=10). Tanto a zonulina como o TNF-α exibiram uma correlação de Pearson fraca e negativa (≈0,25), que não alcançou significância estatística. O tamanho reduzido da amostra neste estudo limitou as conclusões finais. Investigações futuras com amostras maiores e mais abrangentes são necessárias para expandir o conhecimento das relações entre zonulina, TNF-α e permeabilidade intestinal, especialmente considerando a duração e gravidade da enteropatia canina.
Canine Acute Enteropathies are intestinal disorders characterised by gastrointestinal symptoms, lasting 3 to 7 days. The accurate diagnosis of gastroenteritis poses challenges, driving the exploration of novel biomarkers for non-invasive disease management. Zonulin regulates intestinal permeability reversibly, while tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in intestinal inflammation. Despite limited research in veterinary medicine, these biomarkers hold promise for diagnosis and prognosis of gastrointestinal diseases. This study aimed to investigate changes in intestinal permeability through evaluation of serum and faecal zonulin levels in dogs with acute diarrhoea and in healthy animals. The study included 6 dogs with acute enteropathies and 11 healthy dogs. Blood and faecal samples from both groups were analysed for determination of zonulin and TNF-α by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The results showed that dogs with acute diarrhoea had significantly higher (p<0.05) plasma levels of TNF-α (167.10 ± 18.92 pg/mL; n=6) compared to controls (126.40 ± 37.62 pg/mL; n=11), with a trend towards increased plasma zonulin levels (35.07 ± 7.96 ng/mL; n=6 versus 28.54 ± 9.10 ng/mL, n=11). In contrast, faecal zonulin levels were significantly lower (p<0.05) in diarrheic dogs (13.10 ± 11.63 pg/mL; n=3,) than in control animals (151.40 ± 48.45 ng/mL; n=11), while TNF-α showed a trend towards reduction in dogs with diarrhoea (391.30 ± 383.80 pg/mL, n=3 versus 712.20 ± 58.66 pg/mL, n=10). Both zonulin and TNF-α exhibited a negative weak (≈0.25) Pearson correlation, which did not achieve statistical significance. The small sample size significantly limited conclusions. Future research with larger sample sizes and more comprehensive investigations are crucial to expand our understanding of the relationships between zonulin, TNF-α, and intestinal permeability, particularly considering the duration and severity of canine enteropathy.
Canine Acute Enteropathies are intestinal disorders characterised by gastrointestinal symptoms, lasting 3 to 7 days. The accurate diagnosis of gastroenteritis poses challenges, driving the exploration of novel biomarkers for non-invasive disease management. Zonulin regulates intestinal permeability reversibly, while tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in intestinal inflammation. Despite limited research in veterinary medicine, these biomarkers hold promise for diagnosis and prognosis of gastrointestinal diseases. This study aimed to investigate changes in intestinal permeability through evaluation of serum and faecal zonulin levels in dogs with acute diarrhoea and in healthy animals. The study included 6 dogs with acute enteropathies and 11 healthy dogs. Blood and faecal samples from both groups were analysed for determination of zonulin and TNF-α by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The results showed that dogs with acute diarrhoea had significantly higher (p<0.05) plasma levels of TNF-α (167.10 ± 18.92 pg/mL; n=6) compared to controls (126.40 ± 37.62 pg/mL; n=11), with a trend towards increased plasma zonulin levels (35.07 ± 7.96 ng/mL; n=6 versus 28.54 ± 9.10 ng/mL, n=11). In contrast, faecal zonulin levels were significantly lower (p<0.05) in diarrheic dogs (13.10 ± 11.63 pg/mL; n=3,) than in control animals (151.40 ± 48.45 ng/mL; n=11), while TNF-α showed a trend towards reduction in dogs with diarrhoea (391.30 ± 383.80 pg/mL, n=3 versus 712.20 ± 58.66 pg/mL, n=10). Both zonulin and TNF-α exhibited a negative weak (≈0.25) Pearson correlation, which did not achieve statistical significance. The small sample size significantly limited conclusions. Future research with larger sample sizes and more comprehensive investigations are crucial to expand our understanding of the relationships between zonulin, TNF-α, and intestinal permeability, particularly considering the duration and severity of canine enteropathy.
Description
Keywords
Barreira Intestinal Biomarcadores Cão Enteropatia Fator De Necrose Tumoral α Junções Apertadas Permeabilidade Intestinal Zonulina Biomarkers Dog Enteropathy Intestinal Barrier Intestinal Permeability Tight Junctions Tumour Necrosis Factor α Zonulin