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Deteção de alergénios em amostras de alimentos e superfícies do ambiente de preparação e distribuição alimentar analisados por métodos moleculares e imunológicos - um estudo retrospetivo
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Abstract(s)
A presença de alergénios em alimentos e superfícies do ambiente de preparação e distribuição
alimentar tem um papel significativo a nível da saúde pública, já que estas podem levar a exposições
indesejadas provocando reações que variam de leves a fatais.
A alergia alimentar é uma resposta exacerbada do sistema imunológico a certos alimentos,
provocada pela ingestão de géneros alimentícios que contenham as proteínas dos alergénios cujo
organismo identifica como ameaça.
No presente estudo retrospectivo pretendeu-se avaliar a prevalência de resultados positivos a
testes a alergénios, bem como a sua interdependência com a sazonalidade e avaliar a positividade
dentro das diferentes classes definidas. Para tal, foram considerados os resultados de cinco anos da
análise imunológica e molecular, de pesquisa de antigénios em alimentos e superfícies do ambiente de
preparação e distribuição alimentar, num laboratório privado. Concluiu-se que há determinadas classes
de amostras que têm predisposição a conter alergénios, além disso verificou-se uma interdependência
sazonal com o aparecimento das positividades a alergénios.
Há assim uma necessidade de consciencialização e prevenção no que toca às condições de
produção dos diferentes tipos de alimentos e à identificação de alergénios para permitir uma correta
rotulagem em produtos alimentícios e outros produtos. Portanto as políticas de saúde pública
desempenham um papel fundamental na proteção do consumidor com alergias alimentares.
Em relação a este estudo retrospetivo a principal vantagem do mesmo é a oportunidade de
trabalhar com uma quantidade significativa de dados recolhidos ao longo dos últimos 5 anos, o que
proporciona uma visão abrangente acerca do tema. Pretende-se avaliar a prevalência de resultados
positivos a testes a alergénios, bem como a sua interdependência com a sazonalidade e avaliar a
positividade dentro das diferentes classes definidas.
The presence of allergens in food and environmental surfaces in food preparation and distribution settings plays a significant role in public health, as they can lead to unwanted exposures and provoke reactions that range from mild to fatal. Food allergy is an exaggerated immune system response to certain foods, triggered by the ingestion of food items that contain allergenic proteins that the body identifies as a threat. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of positive results for allergen tests, as well as their interdependence with seasonality, and assess positivity within the defined classes. For this purpose, the results of five years of immunological and molecular analysis of antigen detection in food and environmental surfaces in a private laboratory were considered. It was concluded that certain classes of samples are predisposed to contain allergens, and there was also a seasonal interdependence with the occurrence of allergen positivity. Therefore, there is a need for awareness and prevention regarding the production conditions of different types of food and the identification of allergens to enable proper labeling in food and other products. Public health policies thus play a fundamental role in protecting consumers with food allergies. Regarding this retrospective study, the main advantage is the opportunity to work with a significant amount of data collected over the past five years, providing a comprehensive insight into the subject. The aim is to assess the prevalence of positive results for allergen tests, their interdependence with seasonality, and to evaluate positivity within the defined classes, dependent on the seasons of the year
The presence of allergens in food and environmental surfaces in food preparation and distribution settings plays a significant role in public health, as they can lead to unwanted exposures and provoke reactions that range from mild to fatal. Food allergy is an exaggerated immune system response to certain foods, triggered by the ingestion of food items that contain allergenic proteins that the body identifies as a threat. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of positive results for allergen tests, as well as their interdependence with seasonality, and assess positivity within the defined classes. For this purpose, the results of five years of immunological and molecular analysis of antigen detection in food and environmental surfaces in a private laboratory were considered. It was concluded that certain classes of samples are predisposed to contain allergens, and there was also a seasonal interdependence with the occurrence of allergen positivity. Therefore, there is a need for awareness and prevention regarding the production conditions of different types of food and the identification of allergens to enable proper labeling in food and other products. Public health policies thus play a fundamental role in protecting consumers with food allergies. Regarding this retrospective study, the main advantage is the opportunity to work with a significant amount of data collected over the past five years, providing a comprehensive insight into the subject. The aim is to assess the prevalence of positive results for allergen tests, their interdependence with seasonality, and to evaluate positivity within the defined classes, dependent on the seasons of the year
Description
Keywords
Alérgenos Alergia Alimentar ELISA Géneros Alimentícios PCR-RT Saúde Publica Allergens Food Allergy ELISA Foodstuffs PCR-RT Public Health