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A abordagem dos pacientes com síndrome de Down em odontopediatria
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Abstract(s)
A síndrome de Down (SD) é um distúrbio cromossómico autossómico causado por uma cópia extra do cromossoma 21. É uma das anomalias mais frequentes e comuns detetadas em crianças, acarretando várias complicações médicas, de desenvolvimento e sociais que podem afetar consideravelmente a qualidade de vida.
Entre os numerosos aspetos desta patologia, identificam-se anomalias dentárias, bem como anomalias orais de caráter geral. Contudo, algumas destas condições orais resultam de uma higiene inadequada, do consumo excessivo de açúcar ou de outros fatores não diretamente associados à patologia em questão. O acompanhamento oral desde a infância por um Médico Dentista desempenha um papel essencial na redução dos problemas orais.
O Médico Dentista deve estar bem informado não apenas sobre os aspetos clínicos deste tipo de patologia, mas também sobre as abordagens comportamentais a adotar durante as consultas. Compreender verdadeiramente as necessidades específicas destas crianças permite adaptar melhor os cuidados dentários, evitar intervenções que possam ser traumáticas e reduzir o stress para a criança e os seus pais ou responsáveis.
A criação de um ambiente acolhedor e uma relação de confiança entre profissional, criança e família são fundamentais para garantir a adesão aos tratamentos e incentivar bons hábitos de higiene oral.
O cuidado da cavidade oral não é simplesmente a manutenção da saúde oral, é uma abordagem que integra a tecnicidade para tratar e empatia, bem como comunicação, para melhorar a vida dessas crianças, mas também das suas famílias. Ao reconhecer a importância de uma intervenção precoce e personalizada, os profissionais de saúde podem fazer uma enorme diferença nas relações entre os pacientes com SD e suas famílias em relação à saúde geral e oral.
Down syndrome (DS) is an autosomal chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is one of the most frequent and prevalent anomalies detected in children, resulting in various medical, developmental, and social complications that can significantly affect quality of life. Among the many aspects of this condition, dental anomalies and general oral abnormalities are identified. However, some oral conditions result from inadequate hygiene, excessive sugar consumption, or other factors not directly associated with the syndrome. Early oral health monitoring by a dentist is crucial in minimizing oral health problems. Dentists must be well-informed not only about the clinical aspects of this pathology but also about the behavioral approaches to adopt during consultations. A comprehensive understanding of these children’s specific needs allows for better adaptation of dental care, avoiding potentially traumatic interventions, and reducing stress for the child and their parents or caregivers. Creating a welcoming environment and building trust between the professional, child, and family are essential to ensuring treatment adherence and promoting good oral hygiene habits. Thus, dental care is not simply about maintaining oral health, it is an approach that integrates technical expertise, empathy and communication to improve the lives of these children and their families. By recognizing the importance of early and personalized intervention, healthcare professionals can make a significant difference in the relationship between patients with DS, their families, and their overall and oral health.
Down syndrome (DS) is an autosomal chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is one of the most frequent and prevalent anomalies detected in children, resulting in various medical, developmental, and social complications that can significantly affect quality of life. Among the many aspects of this condition, dental anomalies and general oral abnormalities are identified. However, some oral conditions result from inadequate hygiene, excessive sugar consumption, or other factors not directly associated with the syndrome. Early oral health monitoring by a dentist is crucial in minimizing oral health problems. Dentists must be well-informed not only about the clinical aspects of this pathology but also about the behavioral approaches to adopt during consultations. A comprehensive understanding of these children’s specific needs allows for better adaptation of dental care, avoiding potentially traumatic interventions, and reducing stress for the child and their parents or caregivers. Creating a welcoming environment and building trust between the professional, child, and family are essential to ensuring treatment adherence and promoting good oral hygiene habits. Thus, dental care is not simply about maintaining oral health, it is an approach that integrates technical expertise, empathy and communication to improve the lives of these children and their families. By recognizing the importance of early and personalized intervention, healthcare professionals can make a significant difference in the relationship between patients with DS, their families, and their overall and oral health.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Síndrome de Down Crianças Odontopediatria Saúde oral