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Publication
Avaliação de patologias de sono em crianças na idade pré-escolar e escolar, em Portugal
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| 1.28 MB | Adobe PDF |
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O bruxismo de sono (BS) deve ser compreendido como um comportamento que representa um fator de risco e/ou proteção e não como uma patologia. Os distúrbios respiratórios de sono (DRS) englobam situações clínicas desde roncopatia a Síndrome de Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS). Nas crianças, a hipertrofia das amígdalas e adenoides é o principal contribuinte para a fisiopatologia da SAOS.
Objetivo: Avaliar as alterações de sono em crianças na idade pré-escolar e escolar e a interação e frequência entre o BS e DRS autorreportados, em Portugal.
Materiais e Métodos: Foram incluídas 962 crianças no presente estudo, de idades entre 4 e 12 anos, desde janeiro a abril de 2024. A recolha de dados desenvolveu-se na Clínica Dentária Egas Moniz e no Agrupamento de Escolas Dr. António Augusto Louro. A participação consistiu no preenchimento do questionário via digital composto por dados sociodemográficos, questionário pediátrico do sono (QPS), questões de anamnese médica e relativas a sinais e sintomas de BS pediátrico.
Resultados e Discussão: Foi obtida uma relação proporcional entre os participantes do sexo masculino (50.9%) e feminino (49.1%). A perceção parental dos pais/cuidadores de crianças do sexo masculino é significativamente superior em termos de enurese noturna, distração por estímulos externos e comportamentos hiperativos; em crianças do sexo feminino, o reporte foi significativamente superior relativamente a acordar com sono excessivo e com dificuldade. A probabilidade de desenvolver SAOS é impactada por fatores como doenças respiratórias, apertamento de dentes, medicação para a
hiperatividade, cefaleias e dor facial.
Conclusão: O presente estudo aponta uma interação entre o BS e a probabilidade de ter apneia obstrutiva de sono. Contudo, é necessário realizar mais estudos de forma a compreender melhor os mecanismos subjacentes e potenciais implicações clínicas desta associação.
Introduction: Sleep bruxism (SB) should be understood as a behaviour that represents a risk and/or protective factor and not as a pathology. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses clinical situations ranging from snoring to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). In children, hypertrophy of the tonsils and adenoids is the main contributor to the pathophysiology of OSAS. Aims: To assess sleep disorders in pre-school and school-age children and the interaction and frequency between self-reported SB and SDB in Portugal. Materials and Methods: This study included 962 children aged between 4 and 12, from January to April 2024. Data collection took place at the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic and the Dr. António Augusto Louro School Group. Participation consisted of completing a digital questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic data, a pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ), medical history questions and questions relating to signs and symptoms of pediatric SB. Results and Discussion: A proportional relationship was obtained between male (50.9%) and female (49.1%) participants. Parental perception of male children is significantly higher in terms of nocturnal enuresis, distraction by external stimuli and hyperactive behaviour; in female children, the report was significantly higher in terms of waking up with difficulty and excessive sleep. The likelihood of developing OSAS is impacted by factors such as respiratory diseases, teeth clenching, medication for hyperactivity, head and facial pain. Conclusion: This study indicates that there is an interaction between BS and the likelihood of having obstructive sleep apnea. However, further studies are needed to better understand the subjacent mechanisms and potential clinical consequences of this association.
Introduction: Sleep bruxism (SB) should be understood as a behaviour that represents a risk and/or protective factor and not as a pathology. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses clinical situations ranging from snoring to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). In children, hypertrophy of the tonsils and adenoids is the main contributor to the pathophysiology of OSAS. Aims: To assess sleep disorders in pre-school and school-age children and the interaction and frequency between self-reported SB and SDB in Portugal. Materials and Methods: This study included 962 children aged between 4 and 12, from January to April 2024. Data collection took place at the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic and the Dr. António Augusto Louro School Group. Participation consisted of completing a digital questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic data, a pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ), medical history questions and questions relating to signs and symptoms of pediatric SB. Results and Discussion: A proportional relationship was obtained between male (50.9%) and female (49.1%) participants. Parental perception of male children is significantly higher in terms of nocturnal enuresis, distraction by external stimuli and hyperactive behaviour; in female children, the report was significantly higher in terms of waking up with difficulty and excessive sleep. The likelihood of developing OSAS is impacted by factors such as respiratory diseases, teeth clenching, medication for hyperactivity, head and facial pain. Conclusion: This study indicates that there is an interaction between BS and the likelihood of having obstructive sleep apnea. However, further studies are needed to better understand the subjacent mechanisms and potential clinical consequences of this association.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Bruxismo de sono Crianças Apneia obstrutiva de sono Distúrbios respiratórios de sono