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Publication
A Inimputabilidade em razão de anomalia psíquica e a medida de segurança de internamento
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Authors
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação aborda o tema da inimputabilidade em razão de
anomalia psíquica no ordenamento jurídico português, especificando as
medidas de segurança de internamento do inimputável. Sabendo que se trata
de um tema complexo e amplo associado a diversas matérias, pretendemos
inicialmente fazer uma reflexão descritiva sobre a saúde mental e o
enquadramento legal da inimputabilidade. Assim, esclarece-se antes de mais,
que a anomalia psíquica e o delito acarretam uma complexidade que pode
originar comportamentos estigmatizantes a dois níveis, no seio da sociedade:
por um lado, pela doença per se e, por outro, pelo facto cometido. Pretende-se,
deste modo, compreender de que forma as medidas de segurança de
internamento contribuem para a ressocialização do inimputável em razão de
anomalia psíquica, à luz da psiquiatria e da análise ao sistema vigente. De
forma responder à pergunta basilar da investigação – “Estará a medida de
segurança de internamento a contribuir para a reintegração do inimputável em
razão de anomalia psíquica?” – recorremos a uma técnica mista, na qual nos
socorremos de entrevistas exploratórias e leituras pertinentes; da elaboração de
uma grelha de análise e respetivo tratamento de dados; do olhar de
profissionais que lidam todos os dias com a realidade em estudo. Os tipos
legais de crimes mais significativos na amostra são os crimes contra a vida,
seguindo-se os crimes contra a integridade física; as patologias mais frequentes
respeitam às categorias: esquizofrenia e outras perturbações psicóticas e
perturbação pela utilização de substâncias. Quanto às durações das medidas de
segurança observamos um utente privado da liberdade há 41 anos, outro há 27
e, ainda, um há 25 anos, o que dificulta as hipóteses de uma reintegração
social favorável.
This dissertation addresses the theme of Insanity Defense in the Portuguese legal system, specifying the security measures of internment of the Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity. Knowing that this is a complex and broad theme associated with several subjects, we initially intend to make a descriptive reflection on mental health and the legal framework of the Insanity Defense. Thus, it is clear, first, that the psychic anomaly and the offence entail a complexity which can lead to stigmatizing behavior at two levels within society: on the one hand, by the disease per se and, on the other, by the fact committed. Thus, it is intended to understand how the security measures of internment contribute to the resocialization of the individuals deemed Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity due to a psychic anomaly, in the light of psychiatry and the analysis of the current system. To answer the starting question of the investigation – "Will the security measure of internment contribute to the reintegration of the Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity?" – we resort to a mixed technique, in which we are helped by exploratory interviews and relevant readings; the preparation of an analysis grid and its data processing; from the gaze of professionals who deal every day with the reality under study. The most significant legal types of crimes in the sample are crimes against life, followed by crimes against physical integrity; the most frequent pathologies relate to the following categories: schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders and substance use disorder. As for the duration of security measures, we have observed one person deprived of liberty for 41 years, another for 27 years and one for 25 years, which makes it difficult to see the chances of a favorable social reintegration.
This dissertation addresses the theme of Insanity Defense in the Portuguese legal system, specifying the security measures of internment of the Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity. Knowing that this is a complex and broad theme associated with several subjects, we initially intend to make a descriptive reflection on mental health and the legal framework of the Insanity Defense. Thus, it is clear, first, that the psychic anomaly and the offence entail a complexity which can lead to stigmatizing behavior at two levels within society: on the one hand, by the disease per se and, on the other, by the fact committed. Thus, it is intended to understand how the security measures of internment contribute to the resocialization of the individuals deemed Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity due to a psychic anomaly, in the light of psychiatry and the analysis of the current system. To answer the starting question of the investigation – "Will the security measure of internment contribute to the reintegration of the Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity?" – we resort to a mixed technique, in which we are helped by exploratory interviews and relevant readings; the preparation of an analysis grid and its data processing; from the gaze of professionals who deal every day with the reality under study. The most significant legal types of crimes in the sample are crimes against life, followed by crimes against physical integrity; the most frequent pathologies relate to the following categories: schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders and substance use disorder. As for the duration of security measures, we have observed one person deprived of liberty for 41 years, another for 27 years and one for 25 years, which makes it difficult to see the chances of a favorable social reintegration.
Description
Keywords
Inimputabilidade Medida de segurança Ressocialização Estigma Psiquiatria forense Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity Security measure Resocialization Stigma Forensic psychiatry