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A carga de trabalho no combate aos incêndios florestais: Um modelo de horário de trabalho e papel do adjunto de segurança
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Abstract(s)
A presente tese tem como tema de fundo o estudo da problemática ligada à segurança dos bombeiros do distrito de Viana do Castelo e suas implicações na Gestão do Tempo dos Operacionais nos teatros de operações. O objetivo deste projeto de investigação pretende compreender se existe correlação entre o elevado número de ocorrências e o tempo de trabalho associado, que normalmente coincidem com o combate a incêndios florestais no período do verão, e os acidentes de trabalho, bem como aferir se a figura de Adjunto de Segurança desempenha um papel ativo nessas ocorrências. Numa primeira fase é realizado um enquadramento geral do distrito de Viana do Castelo considerando as condições geográficas, demográficas, ocupação do solo, altimetria e cartografia de risco de incêndio florestal, atuais. Segue-se uma curta caracterização dos doze Corpos de Bombeiros do Distrito de Viana do Castelo. Numa terceira fase, foi efetuada a análise dos dados recolhidos das ocorrências dos corpos de bombeiros e dos feridos e mortos daí resultantes, bem como de um questionário aos operacionais, que procura aferir a perceção de cada um dos bombeiros que o preenche da existência de uma relação direta entre o tempo de trabalho nos teatros de operações e os acidentes de trabalho. Os resultados desta análise permitiram concluir que não existe nenhum controlo do tempo efetivo de trabalho destes operacionais, que por vezes ultrapassam as 50 horas consecutivas nos teatros de operações, sem que exista qualquer mecanismo que informe o Comandante de Operações e Socorro sobre essa excedência. Conclui-se que o que está estipulado na Diretiva Operacional Nacional nº2 do Dispositivo Especial de Combate a Incêndios Florestais, nomeadamente no que se refere às competências do Adjunto de Segurança, não são aplicadas nos teatros de operações pela inexistência dessa figura. Propõe-se assim, um novo horário que permita mitigar os acidentes e criar uma estrutura orgânica que detete operacionais em risco, tentando evitar, deste modo, fatores geradores de acidentes, visando melhorar as condições de segurança no trabalho dos operacionais, em teatros de operações no âmbito dos incêndios florestais.
The present thesis has as background the study of problems connected to firefighter’s safety in the district of Viana do Castelo and its implications in the Operational Firefighting Time Managements in firefighters. The objective of this research project aims to understand whether there is a correlation between the high number of occurrences and the associated working time which usually coincide with fighting forest fires during the summer and work-related accidents as well as to assess whether the role of Security Deputy plays an active role in these events. Initially a general framework is conducted in the district of Viana do Castelo considering the current geographic, demographic conditions of the land use and altimetry mapping of forest fire risk. Afterwards there is a short characterization of the twelve fire departments of the district of Viana do Castelo. In a third phase an analysis of collected data from the occurrences of fire brigades and the resulting injuries and deaths occurred as well as a questionnaire for operational which measured the perception of each of the firefighters about the existence of a relationship between direct working time in the field of operations and accidents at work. The results of this analysis stated that there is no control of the effective working time of these operations which sometimes goes longer than 50 consecutive hours in the theater of operations, without any mechanism to inform the commander of operations and relief on such expedience. It follows that what is stipulated in the National Operational Directive No.2 of the Special Device to Combat Forest Fires, in particular the implementing powers of the Deputy Security aren´t applied in operational theaters by his absence of this figure. It is thus proposed a new time schedule allowing to mitigate accidents and create an organic structure that detects operational risks trying to avoid, this way, potential factors of accidents aiming to improve the operations safety in scenarios in the context of forest fires.
The present thesis has as background the study of problems connected to firefighter’s safety in the district of Viana do Castelo and its implications in the Operational Firefighting Time Managements in firefighters. The objective of this research project aims to understand whether there is a correlation between the high number of occurrences and the associated working time which usually coincide with fighting forest fires during the summer and work-related accidents as well as to assess whether the role of Security Deputy plays an active role in these events. Initially a general framework is conducted in the district of Viana do Castelo considering the current geographic, demographic conditions of the land use and altimetry mapping of forest fire risk. Afterwards there is a short characterization of the twelve fire departments of the district of Viana do Castelo. In a third phase an analysis of collected data from the occurrences of fire brigades and the resulting injuries and deaths occurred as well as a questionnaire for operational which measured the perception of each of the firefighters about the existence of a relationship between direct working time in the field of operations and accidents at work. The results of this analysis stated that there is no control of the effective working time of these operations which sometimes goes longer than 50 consecutive hours in the theater of operations, without any mechanism to inform the commander of operations and relief on such expedience. It follows that what is stipulated in the National Operational Directive No.2 of the Special Device to Combat Forest Fires, in particular the implementing powers of the Deputy Security aren´t applied in operational theaters by his absence of this figure. It is thus proposed a new time schedule allowing to mitigate accidents and create an organic structure that detects operational risks trying to avoid, this way, potential factors of accidents aiming to improve the operations safety in scenarios in the context of forest fires.
Description
Keywords
Gestão do Tempo Operacional Comandante das Operações de Socorro Adjunto de Segurança Incêndios Florestais e Segurança Time Management of Operational Commander of the Relief Operations Deputy Security Forest Fire and Security