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Reabilitação com implantes em pacientes com cancro oral : um estudo comparativo de técnicas e biomateriais para uma reconstrução ideal
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O cancro oral é um grande desafio devido à destruição de tecidos e às sequelas funcionais e estéticas que causa. Muitas vezes o seu tratamento é associado a uma cirurgia ressectiva bastante pesada, que requer em um segundo tempo cirúrgico, uma fase de reconstrução para restaurar da melhor forma a anatomia e as funções da esfera oro facial.
Neste desenvolvimento, vamos nos interessar pelas diferentes soluções de reconstrução óssea, comparando o uso dos biomateriais naturais e sintéticos, nomeadamente os transplantes autógenos, aloenxertos e xenoenxertos. O objetivo é avaliar a sua contribuição para a gestão das perdas de substância óssea e encontrar as melhores soluções.
A reabilitação de implantes em pacientes que foram irradiados e muitas vezes reconstruídos, é outra questão importante. Vamos analisar as indicações e contraindicações dos implantes neste contexto, mas também o impacto que esta gestão pode ter na qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Esta revisão narrativa tem como objetivo comparar as diferentes técnicas e biomateriais utilizados na reconstrução maxilofacial e na reabilitação de implantes, destacando suas vantagens e limitações, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos científicos utilizando PubMed; Google Scholar, Embase e Cochrane
Oral cancer is a great challenge due to the destruction of tissues and the functional and aesthetic sequelae it causes. Often its treatment is associated with a very heavy resection surgery, which requires in a second surgical time, a reconstruction phase to restore the anatomy and functions of the orofacial sphere. In this development, we will be interested in the different solutions of bone reconstruction, comparing the use of natural and synthetic biomaterials, namely autogenous transplants, allografts and xenografts. The objective is to evaluate its contribution to the management of bone loss and find the best solutions. The rehabilitation of implants in patients who have been irradiated and often reconstructed is another important issue. We will analyze the indications and contraindications of implants in this context, but also the impact that this management can have o the quality of life of patients. This narrative review aims to compare the different techniques and biomaterials used in maxillofacial reconstruction ad rehabilitation of implants, highlighting their advantages and limitations, trough a bibliographical research of scientific articles using PubMed; Google Scholar, Embase and Cochrane
Le cancer oral est un grand défi en raison de la destruction des tissus et des séquelles fonctionnelles et esthétiques qu’il provoque. Souvent, son traitement est associé à une chirurgie resective assez lourde, qui nécessite dans un second temps chirurgical, une phase de reconstruction pour restaurer au mieux l’anatomie et les fonctions de la sphère oro-faciale. Dans ce développement, nous allons nous intéresser aux différentes solutions de reconstruction osseuse en comparant l’utilisation des biomatériaux naturels et synthétiques, notamment les transplantations autogènes, allogreffes et xénogreffes. L’objectif est d’évaluer leur contribution à la gestion des pertes de substance osseuse et de trouver les meilleures solutions. La réhabilitation implantaire chez les patients qui ont été irradiés et souvent reconstruits, est une autre question importante. Nous allons analyser les indications et contreindications des implants dans ce contexte, mais aussi l’impact que cette gestion peut avoir sur la qualité de vie des patients. Cette revue narrative a pour objectif de comparer les différentes techniques et biomatériaux utilisés dans la reconstruction maxillo-faciale et la réhabilitation implantaire, en soulignant leurs avantages et leurs limites, à travers une recherche bibliographique d’articles scientifiques en utilisant PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase et Cochrane
Oral cancer is a great challenge due to the destruction of tissues and the functional and aesthetic sequelae it causes. Often its treatment is associated with a very heavy resection surgery, which requires in a second surgical time, a reconstruction phase to restore the anatomy and functions of the orofacial sphere. In this development, we will be interested in the different solutions of bone reconstruction, comparing the use of natural and synthetic biomaterials, namely autogenous transplants, allografts and xenografts. The objective is to evaluate its contribution to the management of bone loss and find the best solutions. The rehabilitation of implants in patients who have been irradiated and often reconstructed is another important issue. We will analyze the indications and contraindications of implants in this context, but also the impact that this management can have o the quality of life of patients. This narrative review aims to compare the different techniques and biomaterials used in maxillofacial reconstruction ad rehabilitation of implants, highlighting their advantages and limitations, trough a bibliographical research of scientific articles using PubMed; Google Scholar, Embase and Cochrane
Le cancer oral est un grand défi en raison de la destruction des tissus et des séquelles fonctionnelles et esthétiques qu’il provoque. Souvent, son traitement est associé à une chirurgie resective assez lourde, qui nécessite dans un second temps chirurgical, une phase de reconstruction pour restaurer au mieux l’anatomie et les fonctions de la sphère oro-faciale. Dans ce développement, nous allons nous intéresser aux différentes solutions de reconstruction osseuse en comparant l’utilisation des biomatériaux naturels et synthétiques, notamment les transplantations autogènes, allogreffes et xénogreffes. L’objectif est d’évaluer leur contribution à la gestion des pertes de substance osseuse et de trouver les meilleures solutions. La réhabilitation implantaire chez les patients qui ont été irradiés et souvent reconstruits, est une autre question importante. Nous allons analyser les indications et contreindications des implants dans ce contexte, mais aussi l’impact que cette gestion peut avoir sur la qualité de vie des patients. Cette revue narrative a pour objectif de comparer les différentes techniques et biomatériaux utilisés dans la reconstruction maxillo-faciale et la réhabilitation implantaire, en soulignant leurs avantages et leurs limites, à travers une recherche bibliographique d’articles scientifiques en utilisant PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase et Cochrane
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Cancro oral Biomateriais Implantes