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Ensaio de Produção de Mirtilos na região de Estremoz
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Abstract(s)
Este trabalho foi realizado numa exploração agrícola de mirtilos (Vaccinium corymbosum
L.), situada no Alentejo, mais concretamente em São Bento do Cortiço, concelho de
Estremoz. A exploração com marca própria, designa-se Myrtos e conta atualmente com
7 variedades de mirtilo (“Alix Blue”, “Legacy”, “Star”, “New Hanover”, “Rebel”,
“Gupton” e “Sunset Blue”) distribuídas por 3 campos, com uma área total de plantação
de aproximadamente 32 ha. Para a realização deste relatório foi feito o
acompanhamento de todas as operações culturais desde a data de início do estágio, no
início de Março até à colheita que ocorreu nos meses de Maio, Junho e Julho. Durante
este período fez-se a observação e registo dos estados fenológicos das várias variedades.
Foram marcadas e monitorizadas 285 plantas, em 19 pontos de amostragem, escolhidos
aleatoriamente, e distribuídos pelas 7 cultivares presentes na exploração. Em cada ponto
de amostragem foram selecionadas 15 plantas, de porte médio e uniforme, onde foram
monitorizadas 5 plantas com a floração a 100% (sem monda de flores), 5 plantas com
floração a 75% (com monda de 25% das flores) e 5 plantas com floração a 50% (com
monda de 50% das flores). Nestas plantas foi determinado o número de flores/planta e
evolução do calibre até à colheita. Posteriormente foram avaliados alguns parâmetros à
colheita relativos à quantidade e qualidade da fruta produzida, nomeadamente o
peso/fruto, calibre, grau brix e firmeza. Foi também realizada a monitorização da moscado-vinagre (Drosophila suzukii), com observações semanais nos19 pontos de
amostragem, por ser uma praga cuja proliferação está a preocupar os produtores. No
entanto não foi detetado nenhum indivíduo desta espécie nas observações semanais. Da
análise dos resultados verificar-se que a variedade mais produtiva, e que apresentou os
melhores parâmetros em avaliação foi a variedade “Alix Blue”, que é também a que
ocupa mais área de plantação na exploração. Em contra partida a variedade menos
produtiva e que apresentou os piores parâmetros foi a “Rebel”
This work was realized in a farm of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), located in the Alentejo, more specifically in São Bento do Cortiço, in the municipality of Estremoz. The farm with its own brand, called Myrtos, currently has 7 varieties of blueberry ("Alix Blue", "Legacy", "Star", "New Hanover", "Rebel", "Gupton" and "Sunset Blue") spread over 3 fields, with a total plantation area of approximately 32 ha. In order to fulfill this report, all cultural operations were monitored since the start of this internship in the beginning of March until the harvest which took place in the months of May, June and July. During this period, there were made observations and recordings phenological states of the various varieties. 285 plants were marked and monitored, in 19 sampling points, chosen at random, and distributed among the 7 cultivars present in the farm. At each sampling point, 15 medium-sized and uniform plants were selected, where 5 plants with 100% flowering (without weeding of flowers), 5 plants with 75% flowering (with 25% of the flowers weeding) were monitored and 5 plants with 50% flowering (weeding 50% of the flowers). In these plants, the number of flowers/plant and the evolution of the caliber until harvest was determined. Subsequently, some harvest parameters were evaluated regarding the quantity and quality of the fruit produced, namely the weight/fruit, size, brix degree and firmness. The vinegar fly (Drosophila suzukii) was also monitored, with weekly observations at the 19 sampling points, as it is a pest whose proliferation is worrying producers. However, no individual of this species was detected in the weekly observations. From the analysis of the results, it can be verified that the most productive variety, and which presented the best parameters under evaluation, was the “Alix Blue” variety, which is also the one that occupies the most plantation area on the farm. On the other hand, the less productive variety that presented the worst parameters was “Rebel”.
This work was realized in a farm of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), located in the Alentejo, more specifically in São Bento do Cortiço, in the municipality of Estremoz. The farm with its own brand, called Myrtos, currently has 7 varieties of blueberry ("Alix Blue", "Legacy", "Star", "New Hanover", "Rebel", "Gupton" and "Sunset Blue") spread over 3 fields, with a total plantation area of approximately 32 ha. In order to fulfill this report, all cultural operations were monitored since the start of this internship in the beginning of March until the harvest which took place in the months of May, June and July. During this period, there were made observations and recordings phenological states of the various varieties. 285 plants were marked and monitored, in 19 sampling points, chosen at random, and distributed among the 7 cultivars present in the farm. At each sampling point, 15 medium-sized and uniform plants were selected, where 5 plants with 100% flowering (without weeding of flowers), 5 plants with 75% flowering (with 25% of the flowers weeding) were monitored and 5 plants with 50% flowering (weeding 50% of the flowers). In these plants, the number of flowers/plant and the evolution of the caliber until harvest was determined. Subsequently, some harvest parameters were evaluated regarding the quantity and quality of the fruit produced, namely the weight/fruit, size, brix degree and firmness. The vinegar fly (Drosophila suzukii) was also monitored, with weekly observations at the 19 sampling points, as it is a pest whose proliferation is worrying producers. However, no individual of this species was detected in the weekly observations. From the analysis of the results, it can be verified that the most productive variety, and which presented the best parameters under evaluation, was the “Alix Blue” variety, which is also the one that occupies the most plantation area on the farm. On the other hand, the less productive variety that presented the worst parameters was “Rebel”.
Description
Keywords
Vaccinium corymbosum L Exploração agrícola produção de mirtilos fenologia Farm blueberry production phenology
Citation
Semedo, C.M.F.(2021). Ensaio de Produção de Mirtilos na região de Estremoz. Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas. Elvas
Publisher
Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas - Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre