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Análise de um sistema de informação de segurança no setor ferroviário
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A presente tese foi desenvolvida na área do Controlo Automático de Velocidade dos Comboios, nomeadamente na análise da recente atualização/”Upgrade” da Unidade de Registo JUR 10201 versão UR8c para a RedBox, versão “REDBOXflex”e teve como objetivo identificar e compreender a necessidade de evolução, através da análise das vantagens em desvantagens de cada uma das unidades de registo e da respetiva contribuição para a segurança da circulação ferroviária. Esta investigação é motivada pela crescente importância dos sistemas de informação de segurança nos comboios, numa era marcada por um aumento exponencial da circulação e velocidade dos comboios. Esta nova realidade torna imperativa a necessidade de sistemas robustos e confiáveis que garantam não só a segurança das composições ferroviárias, mas também a proteção das vidas humanas e dos bens transportados. A análise é contextualizada num quadro evolutivo de desenvolvimento do sector ferroviário onde os comboios de alta velocidade emergem como alternativas competitivas à aviação comercial, beneficiando de vantagens como menor poluição e eficiência em termos de tempo e custo, especialmente em distâncias entre os 100 e os 200 km. Refira-se, a título de exemplo, o dinamismo da indústria ferroviária na China, do qual sobressai a procura do aumento da velocidade na ferrovia com segurança (comboio Fuxing e maglev), no qual se torna evidente uma tendência global de crescimento e inovação no setor ferroviário. Tendo como referência este novo quadro de desenvolvimento do sector ferroviário, pretende-se, com esta investigação, analisar como os sistemas de informação de segurança ferroviários, e os seus componentes, garantem a segurança e a eficiência das circulações de comboios atualmente. Para tal, procurar-se-á efetuar uma revisão abrangente da literatura existente e uma análise comparativa das Unidades de Registo (UR). O estudo revela que, apesar dos avanços significativos, continuam a existir desafios associados à manutenção de infraestruturas, gestão de riscos e monitorização em tempo real na ferrovia que exigem abordagens integradas para a melhoria contínua da segurança ferroviária. Esta análise procurará também evidenciar a importância da regulamentação, como o European Train Control System (ETCS), e dos avanços tecnológicos, incluindo a Internet das Coisas (IoT), na recolha e análise de dados em tempo real como fatores determinantes na segurança e eficiência da operação ferroviária. Este trabalho visa realçar ainda a evolução tecnológica das Unidade de Registo Convel e o seu impacto na segurança ferroviária, salientando a necessidade de cumprimento dos requisitos legais europeus e nacionais relacionados com a interoperabilidade e a eficiência no setor. A transição da UR8c para a REDBOXflex é apresentada como um caso de estudo, e salienta a necessidade de atualização tecnológica face à obsolescência de componentes e à procura por sistemas mais avançados que atendam às exigências regulatórias atuais. Conclui-se a dissertação com a proposta de futuros trabalhos de investigação, mais focados na recolha e análise de dados estatísticos operacionais para uma compreensão mais aprofundada da eficácia destes sistemas na promoção da segurança e eficiência ferroviária. Apenas uma análise mais profunda da importância crítica da inovação permitirá melhorar a capacidade de adaptação das instituições ferroviárias ao avanço da segurança ferroviária no século XXI. Este tema é de importância crítica, devido à necessidade de assegurar a máxima segurança no crescente e complexo tráfego ferroviário, onde a tecnologia desempenha um papel fundamental e a regulamentação garante um quadro legal adequado.
This thesis is in the area of Automatic Train Speed Control, namely the analysis of the recent update/Upgrade” of the Registration Unit JUR 10201 version UR8c for RedBox, version “REDBOXflex” and aimed to identify and understand the need for evolution, through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the registration units and their respective contribution to the safety of railway circulation. This research is motivated by the growing importance of train safety information systems, in an era marked by an exponential increase in train circulation and speed. This new reality makes it imperative to have robust and reliable systems that guarantee not only the safety of railway trains, but also the protection of human lives and transported goods. The analysis is contextualized within an evolutionary framework of development of the railway sector where high-speed trains emerge as competitive alternatives to commercial aviation, benefiting from advantages such as less pollution and efficiency in terms of time and cost, especially over distances between 100 and 200 km. As an example, we can mention the dynamism of the railway industry in China, which highlights the search for increased speed on the railway safely (Fuxing and maglev trains), in which a global trend of growth and innovation in the railway sector. Using this new framework for the development of the railway sector as a reference, the aim of this research is to analyze how railway safety information systems, and their components, guarantee the safety and efficiency of train movements today. To this end, an attempt will be made to carry out a comprehensive review of the existing literature and a comparative analysis of the Registration Units (RU). The study reveals that, despite significant advances, there remain challenges associated with infrastructure maintenance, risk management and real-time monitoring on the railway that require integrated approaches for the continuous improvement of railway safety. This analysis will also seek to highlight the importance of regulation, such as the European Train Control System (ETCS), and technological advances, including the Internet of Things (IoT), in the collection and analysis of data in real time as determining factors in safety and efficiency. of railway operations. This work not only highlights the technological evolution of URs and their impact on railway safety, but also highlights the need to comply with European and national legal requirements, aiming for interoperability and efficiency in the sector. The transition from UR8c to REDBOXflex is presented as a case study of the need for technological updating in the face of component obsolescence and the search for more advanced systems that meet current regulatory requirements. The dissertation operational concludes with the proposal for future research work focused on the collection and analysis of statistical data to further understand the effectiveness of these systems in promoting railway safety and efficiency, reflecting the critical importance of continuous innovation and regulatory adaptation in advancing of railway security in the 21st century. This topic is of critical importance, due to the need to ensure maximum safety in the growing and complex railway traffic, where technology plays a fundamental role.
This thesis is in the area of Automatic Train Speed Control, namely the analysis of the recent update/Upgrade” of the Registration Unit JUR 10201 version UR8c for RedBox, version “REDBOXflex” and aimed to identify and understand the need for evolution, through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the registration units and their respective contribution to the safety of railway circulation. This research is motivated by the growing importance of train safety information systems, in an era marked by an exponential increase in train circulation and speed. This new reality makes it imperative to have robust and reliable systems that guarantee not only the safety of railway trains, but also the protection of human lives and transported goods. The analysis is contextualized within an evolutionary framework of development of the railway sector where high-speed trains emerge as competitive alternatives to commercial aviation, benefiting from advantages such as less pollution and efficiency in terms of time and cost, especially over distances between 100 and 200 km. As an example, we can mention the dynamism of the railway industry in China, which highlights the search for increased speed on the railway safely (Fuxing and maglev trains), in which a global trend of growth and innovation in the railway sector. Using this new framework for the development of the railway sector as a reference, the aim of this research is to analyze how railway safety information systems, and their components, guarantee the safety and efficiency of train movements today. To this end, an attempt will be made to carry out a comprehensive review of the existing literature and a comparative analysis of the Registration Units (RU). The study reveals that, despite significant advances, there remain challenges associated with infrastructure maintenance, risk management and real-time monitoring on the railway that require integrated approaches for the continuous improvement of railway safety. This analysis will also seek to highlight the importance of regulation, such as the European Train Control System (ETCS), and technological advances, including the Internet of Things (IoT), in the collection and analysis of data in real time as determining factors in safety and efficiency. of railway operations. This work not only highlights the technological evolution of URs and their impact on railway safety, but also highlights the need to comply with European and national legal requirements, aiming for interoperability and efficiency in the sector. The transition from UR8c to REDBOXflex is presented as a case study of the need for technological updating in the face of component obsolescence and the search for more advanced systems that meet current regulatory requirements. The dissertation operational concludes with the proposal for future research work focused on the collection and analysis of statistical data to further understand the effectiveness of these systems in promoting railway safety and efficiency, reflecting the critical importance of continuous innovation and regulatory adaptation in advancing of railway security in the 21st century. This topic is of critical importance, due to the need to ensure maximum safety in the growing and complex railway traffic, where technology plays a fundamental role.
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Keywords
Sistemas de Informação Segurança Ferroviária Unidades de Registo CONVEL UR8c REDBOXflex Information Systems Railway Security Registration Units