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Perspetivas dos cuidadores de lactentes dos 0-6 meses face ao posicionamento de decúbito ventral durante a vigília: um estudo sequencial misto
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| 1.73 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Organização Mundial de Saúde recomenda que os lactentes passem pelo menos 30 minutos diários em decúbito ventral (DV) desde o nascimento. No entanto, as taxas de adesão noutros países são de cerca 30%. Compreender as perspetivas dos cuidadores pode ajudar no desenvolvimento de campanhas mais eficazes.
Objetivos: Avaliar se os cuidadores de lactentes até aos 6 meses de idade têm informação sobre a importância do posicionamento em DV no tempo de vigília e se seguem as recomendações. Explorar a compreensão e as experiências dos cuidadores relativamente ao posicionamento em DV, bem como os facilitadores e as barreiras.
Metodologia: Estudo misto, na fase quantitativa, com recurso a uma amostragem não- probabilística por conveniência, recolheu-se informação através questionário. Na fase qualitativa, realizaram-se sete entrevistas semiestruturadas a participantes da fase anterior, selecionados segundo uma estratégia de amostragem intencional, com base numa metodologia do tipo análise temática.
Resultados: 92% dos cuidadores têm informação acerca da importância do uso da posição ventral em tempo de vigília, mas 53,8% não atinge os 30 minutos recomendados. Da análise temática emergiram 5 temas principais: Sobre o impacto dos profissionais de saúde; Sobre o impacto da informação; Sobre o impacto das manifestações do lactente; Sobre o impacto de fatores Ambientais e Sobre as representações dos cuidadores acerca do desenvolvimento motor. Em cada um destes temas principais foram definidas barreiras e facilitadores.
Conclusão: Este estudo veio confirmar que os cuidadores têm acesso à informação, mas tal nem sempre é suficiente para atingir os tempos de DV recomendados. O tipo de acompanhamento por parte dos profissionais de saúde parece ter aí um papel fundamental, bem como a informação que chega até ao cuidador. Enfatizar a importância que a posição de DV tem no desenvolvimento global do lactente pode ser igualmente um determinante para aumentar as taxas de adesão a recomendação.
Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends that infants spend at least 30 minutes per day in the prone position during wakeful hours since birth. However, adherence rates in other countries are around 30%. A better understanding of caregivers' perspectives on prone positioning will contribute to identifying what hinders and facilitates the adoption of this practice, enabling the development of more effective campaigns to promote better caregiver adherence. Objectives: Evaluate whether caregivers of infants up to 6 months old have information about the importance of prone positioning during wakeful hours and whether they follow the WHO recommendation. Explore caregivers' understanding and experiences regarding prone positioning, as well as the facilitators and barriers. Methodology: Mixed study, in the quantitative phase, using non-probabilistic convenience sampling, information was collected through a questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants from the previous phase, selected through intentional sampling based on a thematic analysis methodology. Results: 92% of caregivers have information about the importance of using the prone position during wakeful hours, but 53.8% do not reach the minimum recommendation of 30 minutes. Thematic analysis revealed five main themes: the impact of healthcare professionals, the impact of information, the impact of infant manifestations, the impact of environmental factors, and caregivers' representations of motor development. Barriers and facilitators were defined within each of these main themes. Conclusion: This study confirmed that most caregivers have access to information, but this is not always sufficient to achieve the recommended daily prone positioning times. The type of support from healthcare professionals can play a fundamental role, and emphasizing the importance of the prone position for the overall development of the infant may be a determinant in increasing adherence rates to the recommendation.
Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends that infants spend at least 30 minutes per day in the prone position during wakeful hours since birth. However, adherence rates in other countries are around 30%. A better understanding of caregivers' perspectives on prone positioning will contribute to identifying what hinders and facilitates the adoption of this practice, enabling the development of more effective campaigns to promote better caregiver adherence. Objectives: Evaluate whether caregivers of infants up to 6 months old have information about the importance of prone positioning during wakeful hours and whether they follow the WHO recommendation. Explore caregivers' understanding and experiences regarding prone positioning, as well as the facilitators and barriers. Methodology: Mixed study, in the quantitative phase, using non-probabilistic convenience sampling, information was collected through a questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants from the previous phase, selected through intentional sampling based on a thematic analysis methodology. Results: 92% of caregivers have information about the importance of using the prone position during wakeful hours, but 53.8% do not reach the minimum recommendation of 30 minutes. Thematic analysis revealed five main themes: the impact of healthcare professionals, the impact of information, the impact of infant manifestations, the impact of environmental factors, and caregivers' representations of motor development. Barriers and facilitators were defined within each of these main themes. Conclusion: This study confirmed that most caregivers have access to information, but this is not always sufficient to achieve the recommended daily prone positioning times. The type of support from healthcare professionals can play a fundamental role, and emphasizing the importance of the prone position for the overall development of the infant may be a determinant in increasing adherence rates to the recommendation.
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Keywords
Perspetivas dos cuidadores Lactentes Posicionamento em decúbito ventral Barreiras e facilitadores Caregivers' perspectives Infants Tummy time Barriers and facilitators