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Publication
O impacto da atividade física e da alimentação na qualidade de sono dos agentes que realizam turnos
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| 6.22 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A profissão de Polícia está frequentemente relacionada com elevadas cargas de stress e fadiga devido ao contato com suspeitos de crimes, a atuações problemáticas, imprevisíveis e perigosas, ao trabalho por turnos, a um sono deficiente, à falta de atividades desportivas e de lazer, bem como a uma má alimentação. Este estilo de vida reduz a qualidade de vida e aumenta drasticamente a probabilidade de surgirem diversas doenças físicas e mentais. A literatura sugere uma forte relação entre a atividade física e o sono ou a alimentação. Contudo, a associação entre estas três variáveis nunca foi estudada nas polícias portuguesas, mais concretamente na Polícia de Segurança Pública. O nosso estudo é composto por 933 polícias da Polícia de Segurança Pública e tem como principal objetivo analisar o efeito da Atividade Física e dos Hábitos Alimentares na Qualidade de Sono dos agentes e chefes que realizam turnos e compará-los entre si. Os instrumentos de recolha de dados utilizados foram o Questionário de Frequência Alimentar, o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física – versão curta e o Questionário de Pittsburgh sobre a Qualidade do Sono. O programa de análise utilizado no tratamento estatístico foi o SPSS, versão 22. Da análise estatística podemos constatar que os elementos policiais apresentam bons níveis de atividade física, subdividida de forma equilibrada, entre atividade física moderada (48.8%) e vigorosa (40.3%). Com o aumento da idade os níveis de atividade física e o consumo alimentar diminuem, não havendo grandes alterações na composição corporal, contudo a qualidade de sono apresenta uma tendência para piorar. Com o aumento da atividade física em MET a tendência é para consumir mais nutrientes, à exceção do álcool. Foram ainda encontradas evidências de que o nível de atividade física e os hábitos alimentares são os principais preditores da qualidade de sono, assim como a idade e o índice de massa corporal. Neste sentido, consideramos que devem ser implementados planos para aumentar os níveis de atividade física, de qualidade de sono e melhoria dos hábitos alimentares com o objetivo de aumentar a saúde e a aptidão para situações críticas policiais. Visto que os polícias só se reformam, na sua esmagadora maioria, com mais de 30 anos de serviço é essencial criar programas de controlo do peso, atividade física e hábitos alimentares que visem a melhoria da qualidade do sono e de saúde, tendo em vista o melhor desempenho para a função policial
The occupational and environmental police work is often related to high loads of stress and fatigue due to, the contact with criminal suspects, problematic and unpredictable dangerous actions, shift work, poor sleep, lack of sports and leisure activities, as well as a poor diet. This lifestyle reduces the quality of life and dramatically increases the likelihood of various physical and mental illnesses. The literature suggests a strong relationship between physical activity and sleep or food. However, the association between these three variables has never been studied in the portuguese police force, more specifically in the “Polícia de Segurança Pública”. Our study consists of 933 police officers from the portuguese police force and aims to analyze the effect of Physical Activity and Eating Habits on Sleep Quality of police officers who perform shift work and compare them with each other. The data collection instruments used was the Food Frequency Questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short version and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The statistical analysis program used was SPSS, version 22. The statistical analysis we can see is that the police officers have good levels of physical activity, divided evenly between moderate physical activity (48.8%) and vigorous (40.3%). With increasing age, the levels of physical activity and food intake decrease, with no major changes in body composition, however the quality of sleep has a tendency to worsen. With the increase in physical activity, in MET, the tendency is to consume more nutrients, with the exception of alcohol. We also found evidences that the level of physical activity and eating habits are the major predictors of sleep quality, as well as the age and body mass index. We consider that plans must be implemented to increase physical activity levels, quality of sleep and improve eating habits in order to increase the health and fitness for critical police situations. As the vast majority of police officers only retire with more than 30 years of service, it is essential to create weight control programs, physical activity and eating habits, aimed to improve the quality of sleep and health, taking into view the best police performance and fit for duty in police officers.
The occupational and environmental police work is often related to high loads of stress and fatigue due to, the contact with criminal suspects, problematic and unpredictable dangerous actions, shift work, poor sleep, lack of sports and leisure activities, as well as a poor diet. This lifestyle reduces the quality of life and dramatically increases the likelihood of various physical and mental illnesses. The literature suggests a strong relationship between physical activity and sleep or food. However, the association between these three variables has never been studied in the portuguese police force, more specifically in the “Polícia de Segurança Pública”. Our study consists of 933 police officers from the portuguese police force and aims to analyze the effect of Physical Activity and Eating Habits on Sleep Quality of police officers who perform shift work and compare them with each other. The data collection instruments used was the Food Frequency Questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short version and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The statistical analysis program used was SPSS, version 22. The statistical analysis we can see is that the police officers have good levels of physical activity, divided evenly between moderate physical activity (48.8%) and vigorous (40.3%). With increasing age, the levels of physical activity and food intake decrease, with no major changes in body composition, however the quality of sleep has a tendency to worsen. With the increase in physical activity, in MET, the tendency is to consume more nutrients, with the exception of alcohol. We also found evidences that the level of physical activity and eating habits are the major predictors of sleep quality, as well as the age and body mass index. We consider that plans must be implemented to increase physical activity levels, quality of sleep and improve eating habits in order to increase the health and fitness for critical police situations. As the vast majority of police officers only retire with more than 30 years of service, it is essential to create weight control programs, physical activity and eating habits, aimed to improve the quality of sleep and health, taking into view the best police performance and fit for duty in police officers.
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Keywords
Atividade física Saúde Qualidade de sono Alimentação Turnos Polícia Polícia de Segurança Pública