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O impacto da suplementação desportiva na saúde oral : um estudo piloto
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Objetivo: Descrever os padrões de suplementação desportiva e a sua relação com a saúde oral de atletas federados, incluindo risco/gravidade de cárie e erosão dentária e a presença de lesões/patologias da mucosa oral.
Materiais e métodos: Estudo observacional, analítico e transversal, realizado na Clínica Dentária Universitária Egas Moniz (Monte de Caparica, Portugal) entre Maio e Julho de 2025, aprovado pela Comissão de Ética (PT 589/24). A amostra por conveniência incluiu 90 atletas federados. Aplicou-se questionário (nutrição/suplementação; hábitos e perceção de saúde oral) e exame intraoral com registo de cárie (ICDAS II) e erosão (BEWE). A análise estatística (SPSS v29) recorreu a estatística descritiva e testes de associação (p≤0,05).
Resultados: A amostra incluiu 90 atletas (81,1% homens; idade média 23,7 anos); 84,4% escovavam ≥2×/dia, 80,0% usavam pasta fluoretada e 74,4% avaliaram a saúde oral como boa/muito boa; 6,7% já faltaram a treinos por problemas orais. Clinicamente, BEWE e ICDAS II apresentaram mediana 1,0 (AIQ=1) e não houve lesões de mucosa. Identificaram-se padrões de consumo conjunto (p.ex., bebidas isotónicas×géis: ρ=0,530, proteína de soro do leite×géis:
ρ=0,349) e, entre quem referiu problemas orais, maior consumo de isotónicos, géis, energéticas e proteína de soro do leite, bem como valores mais elevados de ICDAS II (p≤0,043).
Conclusão: Identificaram-se padrões de consumo combinados de bebidas/suplementos com potencial impacto na saúde oral e associações com pior perfil de cárie em atletas que reportam problemas orais. Não foram detetadas lesões de mucosa. Os resultados reforçam a pertinência de programas educativos e preventivos direcionados e a necessidade de estudos longitudinais para clarificar causalidade e fatores modificáveis nesta população.
Objective: To describe sports supplementation patterns and their relationship with oral health in federated athletes, including the risk/severity of dental caries and erosion, as well as the presence of oral mucosal lesions/pathologies. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Egas Moniz University Dental Clinic (Monte de Caparica, Portugal) between May and July 2025, approved by the Ethics Committee (PT 589/24). A convenience sample of 90 federated athletes was included. Data were collected through a questionnaire (nutrition/supplementation; oral health habits and perception) and intraoral examination recording caries (ICDAS II) and erosion (BEWE). Statistical analysis (SPSS v29) involved descriptive statistics and association tests (p≤0.05). Results: The sample included 90 athletes (81.1% male; mean age 23.7 years); 84.4% brushed ≥2 times/day, 80.0% used fluoride toothpaste, and 74.4% rated their oral health as good/very good; 6.7% had missed training due to oral problems. Clinically, BEWE and ICDAS II showed a median of 1.0 (IQR=1), and no mucosal lesions were observed. Combined consumption patterns were identified (e.g., isotonic drinks×gels: ρ=0.530; whey×gels: ρ=0.349), and among those reporting oral problems, higher intake of isotonic drinks, gels, energy drinks, and whey protein was found, as well as higher ICDAS II values (p≤0.043). Conclusion: Combined consumption patterns of sports drinks/supplements with potential oral health impact were identified, along with associations with poorer caries profiles in athletes reporting oral problems. No mucosal lesions were detected. Findings highlight the need for targeted educational and preventive programs and further longitudinal studies to clarify causality and modifiable factors in this population.
Objective: To describe sports supplementation patterns and their relationship with oral health in federated athletes, including the risk/severity of dental caries and erosion, as well as the presence of oral mucosal lesions/pathologies. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Egas Moniz University Dental Clinic (Monte de Caparica, Portugal) between May and July 2025, approved by the Ethics Committee (PT 589/24). A convenience sample of 90 federated athletes was included. Data were collected through a questionnaire (nutrition/supplementation; oral health habits and perception) and intraoral examination recording caries (ICDAS II) and erosion (BEWE). Statistical analysis (SPSS v29) involved descriptive statistics and association tests (p≤0.05). Results: The sample included 90 athletes (81.1% male; mean age 23.7 years); 84.4% brushed ≥2 times/day, 80.0% used fluoride toothpaste, and 74.4% rated their oral health as good/very good; 6.7% had missed training due to oral problems. Clinically, BEWE and ICDAS II showed a median of 1.0 (IQR=1), and no mucosal lesions were observed. Combined consumption patterns were identified (e.g., isotonic drinks×gels: ρ=0.530; whey×gels: ρ=0.349), and among those reporting oral problems, higher intake of isotonic drinks, gels, energy drinks, and whey protein was found, as well as higher ICDAS II values (p≤0.043). Conclusion: Combined consumption patterns of sports drinks/supplements with potential oral health impact were identified, along with associations with poorer caries profiles in athletes reporting oral problems. No mucosal lesions were detected. Findings highlight the need for targeted educational and preventive programs and further longitudinal studies to clarify causality and modifiable factors in this population.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Atividade desportiva Suplementação Patologia oral Cárie dentária