Loading...
Publication
Halitose : do diagnóstico ao tratamento
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 976.84 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
A palavra halitose, do ponto de vista etimológico, deriva do latim “halitus”, que significa ar expirado e o sufixo grego “osis”, que se refere a uma condição patológica ou anormal, relativamente ao odor emanado através da expiração.
A etiologia da halitose é multifatorial, mas sabe-se que 80-90% tem causas intraorais e 5-10% causas extraorais. A sua presença deve-se à formação de compostos sulfurosos voláteis (CSV), por parte das bactérias anaeróbias gram-negativas, que decompõem a saliva e as proteínas dos depósitos alimentares, nestes compostos. Apresenta uma prevalência de 50% na população geral, com forte impacto no bem-estar social e psicológico.
Para o seu correto diagnóstico e tratamento é necessária uma equipa multidisciplinar que investigue corretamente as possíveis causas para o mau odor oral.
Com diagnóstico adequado, identificação da etiologia e encaminhamento, são tomadas algumas medidas para criar uma abordagem terapêutica individualizada. Existem testes de diagnóstico diretos e indiretos, sendo o teste organolético (método de diagnóstico direto) combinado com a medição de CSV considerado o Gold standard.
Na halitose de causa oral, o objetivo é a redução do número de bactérias presentes, responsáveis pela formação de CSV. O uso de colutórios antimicrobianos e a raspagem da superfície lingual (combinação de métodos mecânicos e químicos) é considerada a abordagem ideal para o tratamento da halitose, com o objetivo de eliminar o agente causador da halitose.
The word halitosis, from an etymological point of view, derives from the Latin "halitus", which means expired air and the Greek suffix "osis", which refers to a pathological or abnormal condition, in relation to the odor expelled through expiration. The etiology of halitosis is multifactorial, but it is known that 80-90% have intraoral causes and 5-10% extraoral causes. Its presence is due to the formation of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, which break down saliva and proteins from food deposits in these compounds. It has a prevalence of 50% in the general population, with a strong impact on social and psychological well-being. For its correct diagnosis and treatment, a multidisciplinary team is needed to correctly investigate the possible causes of oral malodor. With proper diagnosis, identification of the etiology and referral, some measures are taken to create an individualized therapeutic approach. There are direct and indirect diagnostic tests, the organoleptic test (direct diagnosis method) combined with the measurement of VSC, considered the Gold standard. In oral halitosis, the goal is to reduce the number of bacteria present, responsible for the formation of VSC. The use of antimicrobial mouthwashes and scraping the lingual surface (combination of mechanical and chemical methods) is considered the ideal approach for the treatment of halitosis, with the aim of eliminating the causative agent of halitosis.
The word halitosis, from an etymological point of view, derives from the Latin "halitus", which means expired air and the Greek suffix "osis", which refers to a pathological or abnormal condition, in relation to the odor expelled through expiration. The etiology of halitosis is multifactorial, but it is known that 80-90% have intraoral causes and 5-10% extraoral causes. Its presence is due to the formation of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, which break down saliva and proteins from food deposits in these compounds. It has a prevalence of 50% in the general population, with a strong impact on social and psychological well-being. For its correct diagnosis and treatment, a multidisciplinary team is needed to correctly investigate the possible causes of oral malodor. With proper diagnosis, identification of the etiology and referral, some measures are taken to create an individualized therapeutic approach. There are direct and indirect diagnostic tests, the organoleptic test (direct diagnosis method) combined with the measurement of VSC, considered the Gold standard. In oral halitosis, the goal is to reduce the number of bacteria present, responsible for the formation of VSC. The use of antimicrobial mouthwashes and scraping the lingual surface (combination of mechanical and chemical methods) is considered the ideal approach for the treatment of halitosis, with the aim of eliminating the causative agent of halitosis.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Halitose Diagnóstico Tratamento Etiologia