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Exergames na reabilitação da pessoa submetida a cirurgia abdominal oncológica; estudo randomizado
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: As cirurgias abdominais oncológicas têm uma elevada prevalência de complicações. A reabilitação precoce é amplamente defendida como sendo eficaz na prevenção de complicações no pós-operatório imediato. Os “exergames” surgem como uma ferramenta complementar em que o doente “emerge” num ambiente virtual, permitindo ao enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação adequar cada jogo a um contexto clínico específico.
Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o impacto de um programa de reabilitação, com recurso a exergames, no pós-operatório da pessoa submetida a cirurgia abdominal major. Metodologia: Este trabalho é um estudo randomizado com dois grupos paralelos com 70 pessoas (35 do grupo de controlo e 35 do grupo de intervenção). Após a randomização (na admissão do doente), os participantes foram submetidos a uma intervenção com a utilização de exergames. O grupo de intervenção foi submetido a uma intervenção desde o 2º dia de pós-operatório até ao 7º dia inclusivé. Este estudo foi realizado num serviço de internamento de oncologia. Foram avaliados os seguintes indicadores: dor (Escala numérica da dor), qualidade de vida (Escala de Woqol Breaf), ansiedade e depressão (Escala HADS), dispneia (Escala de Borg Modificada), autocuidados (Escala Modificada de Barthel), equilibro (Escala de Berg) e fadiga (Escala de FAS). Resultados: Na avaliação do 7º dia pós-operatório no grupo de intervenção com o recurso a exergames, houve diferença entre os dois grupos, em que o grupo de intervenção teve menor dor (p=0.006), melhor qualidade de vida (p=0.016), menor ansiedade e depressão (p=0.05), maior independência nos autocuidados (p=0.001), melhor equilíbrio (p<0.001) e menor fadiga (p=0.005). Não houve diferença significativa na dispneia nos dois grupos. Conclusão: Este programa de reabilitação com recurso a exergames permitiu evidenciar o seu impacto na pessoa submetida a cirurgia abdominal. Com base nos resultados obtidos conclui-se que os exergames têm efeitos positivos na redução da dor, na melhoria da qualidade de vida, na diminuição de ansiedade e depressão, na independência dos autocuidados, na melhoria do equilíbrio e na diminuição da fadiga.
Introduction: Oncological abdominal surgeries have a high prevalence of respiratory and cardiovascular complications, leading to increased hospitalization time and decreased patient survival. Early rehabilitation intervention is widely advocated as being effective in preventing complications in the immediate postoperative period. "Exergames" emerge as a complementary strategy to conventional rehabilitation, where the patient "immerses" in a virtual environment, allowing the nurse to tailor each game to a specific clinical context. Object: The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of a post-operative rehabilitation program on individuals undergoing abdominal surgery using exergame Methodology: This study is a randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups consisting of 70 individuals (35 in the control group and 35 in the intervention group). After randomization (upon admission of the patient), participants underwent an intervention using exergames. The intervention group received treatment from the 2nd postoperative day until the 7th day, inclusive. This study was conducted in a surgical oncology inpatient department, starting on October 3, 2022, and ending on March 16, 2023. The following indicators were evaluated: pain (Numerical Pain Scale), quality of life (Woqol Breaf Scale), anxiety and depression (HADS Scale), dyspnea (Modified Borg Scale), self-care (Modified Barthel Scale), balance (Berg Scale), and fatigue (FAS Scale). Results: On the 7th day postoperative evaluation in the intervention group using exergames, there was a difference between the two groups, where the intervention group had lower pain (p=0.006), better quality of life (p=0.016), lower anxiety and depression (p=0.05), better independence in self-care (p=0.001), better balance (p<0.001), and lower fatigue (p=0.005). There was no significant difference in dyspnea between the two groups. Conclusion: This exergames-based rehabilitation program allowed us to highlight its impact on individuals who underwent abdominal surgery. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that exergames have positive effects on reducing pain, improving quality of life, decreasing anxiety and depression, enhancing self-care independence, improving balance, and reducing fatigue.
Introduction: Oncological abdominal surgeries have a high prevalence of respiratory and cardiovascular complications, leading to increased hospitalization time and decreased patient survival. Early rehabilitation intervention is widely advocated as being effective in preventing complications in the immediate postoperative period. "Exergames" emerge as a complementary strategy to conventional rehabilitation, where the patient "immerses" in a virtual environment, allowing the nurse to tailor each game to a specific clinical context. Object: The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of a post-operative rehabilitation program on individuals undergoing abdominal surgery using exergame Methodology: This study is a randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups consisting of 70 individuals (35 in the control group and 35 in the intervention group). After randomization (upon admission of the patient), participants underwent an intervention using exergames. The intervention group received treatment from the 2nd postoperative day until the 7th day, inclusive. This study was conducted in a surgical oncology inpatient department, starting on October 3, 2022, and ending on March 16, 2023. The following indicators were evaluated: pain (Numerical Pain Scale), quality of life (Woqol Breaf Scale), anxiety and depression (HADS Scale), dyspnea (Modified Borg Scale), self-care (Modified Barthel Scale), balance (Berg Scale), and fatigue (FAS Scale). Results: On the 7th day postoperative evaluation in the intervention group using exergames, there was a difference between the two groups, where the intervention group had lower pain (p=0.006), better quality of life (p=0.016), lower anxiety and depression (p=0.05), better independence in self-care (p=0.001), better balance (p<0.001), and lower fatigue (p=0.005). There was no significant difference in dyspnea between the two groups. Conclusion: This exergames-based rehabilitation program allowed us to highlight its impact on individuals who underwent abdominal surgery. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that exergames have positive effects on reducing pain, improving quality of life, decreasing anxiety and depression, enhancing self-care independence, improving balance, and reducing fatigue.
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Keywords
Exergames Reabilitação Cirurgia Abdominal