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Abstract(s)
A elevada complexidade dos cuidados perioperatórios relacionados com situações de
imprevisibilidade e vulnerabilidade, assim como, a especificidade das necessidades da pessoa a
vivenciar experiência cirúrgica e anestésica, exigem que o enfermeiro especialista desenvolva e
mobilize um conjunto de conhecimentos e competências, que lhe permitam uma prática de
enfermagem avançada.
A elaboração deste relatório final decorre da unidade curricular - Estágio de natureza
profissional – módulo II, integrada no plano de estudos do Mestrado em Enfermagem Médico
Cirúrgica na área de especialização de Enfermagem à pessoa em situação Perioperatória, da
Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto e, tem como propósito, reportar o trajeto de
desenvolvimento do projeto profissional delineado, bem como o nível de concretização dos
diferentes objetivos, a caracterização dos contextos onde decorreu a prática clínica e as
atividades realizadas que concorreram para o desenvolvimento de competências comuns e
específicas na respetiva área de especialização.
A integração em contextos da prática do perioperatório, neste caso no bloco operatório central e
bloco operatório da cardiotorácica de um centro hospitalar, permitiu o aprimoramento do
processo de tomada de decisão, fundamental à prática do exercício da profissão de
enfermagem, uma vez que a complexidade deste processo exige a capacidade para atender às
necessidades dos clientes. Assim, desenvolveu-se o planeamento de cuidados individualizados
com base em dois casos clínicos reais, através de pensamento crítico-reflexivo, inerente à
conceção de cuidados e com suporte na evidência científica mais atual.
O enfermeiro especialista em perioperatório, deve-se envolver no desenvolvimento de projetos
de formação e de investigação, pelo que se realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura, sobre
os contributos da capacitação pré-operatória na autogestão da dor através de analgesia
controlada pelo cliente (PCA). Durante o estágio ocorreu a implementação deste projeto de
desenvolvimento de competências, no qual se desenvolveu: um programa educacional préoperatório
sobre autogestão da dor através de PCA, no pós-operatório de artroplastia total do
joelho, tendo em conta os resultados da evidência científica; a sensibilização dos enfermeiros
dos contextos da prática clínica para a importância da avaliação da dor pós-operatória
regulamente; e uma intervenção numa perspetiva interprofissional, de modo a assegurar a
documentação precisa e a continuidade dos cuidados. Por conseguinte, considera-se que será
um contributo para a melhoria dos cuidados ao cliente em contexto perioperatório.
The high complexity of perioperative care related to unpredictable and vulnerable situations, as well as the specificity of the needs of individuals undergoing surgical and anesthetic experiences, requires the specialized nurse to develop and mobilize a set of knowledge and skills that enable advanced nursing practice. The preparation of this final report stems from the curricular unit - Professional Nature Internship – Module II, integrated into the curriculum of the Master's in Medical-Surgical Nursing with a specialization in Perioperative Nursing at the Porto Nursing School. Its purpose is to report on the development path of the outlined professional project, as well as the level of achievement of different objectives, the characterization of the contexts where clinical practice took place, and the activities that contributed to the development of common and specific skills in the specialization area. Integration into perioperative practice contexts, in this case, the central operating room and the cardiothoracic operating room of a hospital center, allowed for the refinement of the decisionmaking process, essential to the practice of nursing, given the complexity that requires meeting the clients' needs. Thus, individualized care planning was developed based on two real clinical cases, through critical-reflective thinking inherent in care conception and supported by the most current scientific evidence. The perioperative nurse specialist should engage in the development of training and research projects. Therefore, a systematic literature review was conducted on the contributions of preoperative empowerment in self-management of pain through patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). During the internship, the implementation of this competency development project took place, involving the following: the creation of a preoperative educational program on selfmanagement of pain through PCA for postoperative knee arthroplasty, considering scientific evidence; raising awareness among nurses in clinical practice settings about the importance of regularly assessing postoperative pain; and an interprofessional intervention to ensure accurate documentation and continuity of care. Consequently, it is considered to be a contribution to the improvement of patient care in the perioperative context.
The high complexity of perioperative care related to unpredictable and vulnerable situations, as well as the specificity of the needs of individuals undergoing surgical and anesthetic experiences, requires the specialized nurse to develop and mobilize a set of knowledge and skills that enable advanced nursing practice. The preparation of this final report stems from the curricular unit - Professional Nature Internship – Module II, integrated into the curriculum of the Master's in Medical-Surgical Nursing with a specialization in Perioperative Nursing at the Porto Nursing School. Its purpose is to report on the development path of the outlined professional project, as well as the level of achievement of different objectives, the characterization of the contexts where clinical practice took place, and the activities that contributed to the development of common and specific skills in the specialization area. Integration into perioperative practice contexts, in this case, the central operating room and the cardiothoracic operating room of a hospital center, allowed for the refinement of the decisionmaking process, essential to the practice of nursing, given the complexity that requires meeting the clients' needs. Thus, individualized care planning was developed based on two real clinical cases, through critical-reflective thinking inherent in care conception and supported by the most current scientific evidence. The perioperative nurse specialist should engage in the development of training and research projects. Therefore, a systematic literature review was conducted on the contributions of preoperative empowerment in self-management of pain through patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). During the internship, the implementation of this competency development project took place, involving the following: the creation of a preoperative educational program on selfmanagement of pain through PCA for postoperative knee arthroplasty, considering scientific evidence; raising awareness among nurses in clinical practice settings about the importance of regularly assessing postoperative pain; and an interprofessional intervention to ensure accurate documentation and continuity of care. Consequently, it is considered to be a contribution to the improvement of patient care in the perioperative context.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem Prática avançada em Enfermagem Tomada de decisão Autogestão Analgesia Dor Relatório de estágio