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Fatores de risco na reabilitaĆ§Ć£o com implantes
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nos dias de hoje, a implantologia Ć© uma Ć”rea da medicina dentĆ”ria em ascendĆŖncia, com altos resultados estĆ©ticos, funcionais e fonĆ©ticos, e que apresenta uma elevada taxa de sucesso. O uso de implantes dentĆ”rios abrange desde reabilitaƧƵes unitĆ”rias, atĆ© prĆ³teses totais sobre implantes, sendo utilizados tambĆ©m noutras Ć”reas, como ortodontia e cirurgia maxilofacial.
Apesar do elevado sucesso, existem casos em que ocorre a perda dos implantes, devido a possĆveis fatores relacionados com a tĆ©cnica ou com o paciente, sendo entĆ£o crucial o estudo destes mesmos fatores.
O insucesso dos implantes dentĆ”rios pode ser dividido em insucesso a curto e a longo prazo. Ć considerado um insucesso a curto prazo quando ocorre antes da colocaĆ§Ć£o da carga funcional e antes de estar estabelecida a osseointegraĆ§Ć£o, e pode ocorrer principalmente por complicaƧƵes biolĆ³gicas. Por outro lado, o insucesso a longo prazo ocorre depois da colocaĆ§Ć£o da carga funcional, quando jĆ” estĆ” estabelecida a osseointegraĆ§Ć£o, podendo ocorrer por complicaƧƵes biolĆ³gicas ou mecĆ¢nicas.
Devido aos variados fatores que podem levar ao insucesso de um implante dentĆ”rio, a curto e a longo prazo, tais como fatores relacionados com o paciente (sistĆ©micos e locais), com o prĆ³prio implante, iatrogĆ©nicos e mecĆ¢nicos, a implantologia apresenta-se como uma das Ć”reas mais complexas da medicina dentĆ”ria. Como tal, deve existir uma cooperaĆ§Ć£o e um planeamento interdisciplinar de cada caso, pois muitas vezes um paciente nĆ£o apresenta um sĆ³ fator, mas sim um conjunto deles, dificultando a reabilitaĆ§Ć£o.
O objetivo deste trabalho Ć© realizar uma revisĆ£o narrativa com recurso Ć s bases de dados PubMed, B-on, Cochrane, e analisar os fatores de risco associados Ć reabilitaĆ§Ć£o com implantes dentĆ”rios.
Nowadays, implantology is an ascending area of dentistry, with high aesthetic, functional and phonetic results, and which has a high success rate. The use of dental implants ranges from single rehabilitation to complete fixed dentures, being also used in other areas, such as orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery. Despite the high success, there are cases in which implants are lost, due to possible factors related to the technique or the patient, so the study of these same factors is crucial. Dental implant failure can be divided into short-term and long-term failure. It is considered a short-term failure when it occurs before the placement of the functional load and before osseointegration is established, and it can occur mainly due to biological complications. On the other hand, long-term failure occurs after the placement of the functional load, when osseointegration is already established, and may occur due to biological or mechanical complications. Due to the different factors that can lead to the failure of a dental implant, in the short and long term, such as factors related to the patient (systemic and local), with the implant itself, iatrogenic and mechanical, implantology presents itself as a of the most complex areas in dentistry. As such, there must be cooperation and interdisciplinary planning for each case, as often a patient does not have a single factor, but a set of them, making rehabilitation difficult. The objective of this work is to carry out a narrative review using PubMed, B-on, Cochrane databases, and to analyze the risk factors associated with rehabilitation with dental implants.
Nowadays, implantology is an ascending area of dentistry, with high aesthetic, functional and phonetic results, and which has a high success rate. The use of dental implants ranges from single rehabilitation to complete fixed dentures, being also used in other areas, such as orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery. Despite the high success, there are cases in which implants are lost, due to possible factors related to the technique or the patient, so the study of these same factors is crucial. Dental implant failure can be divided into short-term and long-term failure. It is considered a short-term failure when it occurs before the placement of the functional load and before osseointegration is established, and it can occur mainly due to biological complications. On the other hand, long-term failure occurs after the placement of the functional load, when osseointegration is already established, and may occur due to biological or mechanical complications. Due to the different factors that can lead to the failure of a dental implant, in the short and long term, such as factors related to the patient (systemic and local), with the implant itself, iatrogenic and mechanical, implantology presents itself as a of the most complex areas in dentistry. As such, there must be cooperation and interdisciplinary planning for each case, as often a patient does not have a single factor, but a set of them, making rehabilitation difficult. The objective of this work is to carry out a narrative review using PubMed, B-on, Cochrane databases, and to analyze the risk factors associated with rehabilitation with dental implants.
Description
DissertaĆ§Ć£o para obtenĆ§Ć£o do grau de Mestre no Instituto UniversitĆ”rio Egas Moniz
Keywords
Fatores de risco OsseointegraĆ§Ć£o Implante dentĆ”rio Insucesso a curto e longo prazo