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Reconhecimento da dor miofascial no cão e gato pela classe médico-veterinária em Portugal
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Abstract(s)
De acordo com a International Association for the Study of Pain, dor define-se como “uma experiência sensorial e emocionalmente desagradável, associada ou semelhante a uma lesão real ou potencial ao tecido”(Raja et al., 2020). A dor associada ao músculo esquelético e à sua fáscia define-se como dor miofascial, sendo a sua manifestação clínica de grau variável, de acordo com a sua intensidade e experiência de dor vivida pelos indivíduos. A dor miofascial é profunda, difusa e difícil de localizar.
Com este estudo pretendeu-se avaliar o domínio da classe Médico-veterinária Portuguesa relativamente ao reconhecimento da dor miofascial em cães e gatos bem como, a sua inclusão como diagnóstico diferencial. O estudo consistiu na realização de um questionário de 34 questões partindo de questões mais generalistas como a avaliação do conceito de dor a outras mais específicas como tratamento implementado em quadros de dor miofascial. Foram recolhidas 150 respostas que permitiram aferir o grau de conhecimento da classe sobre esta temática.
Após este estudo, observa-se a falta de consistência no conhecimento adquirido acerca da dor por parte dos clínicos inquiridos. Quando as questões se referem a dor miofascial, o nível de desconhecimento aumenta significativamente sendo que, esta diminuição de conhecimento pode ser associada à falta de estudos clínicos em medicina veterinária, principalmente na área de felinos. Espera-se que este estudo seja um importante ponto de partida para o desenho de estratégias e soluções com vista a aumentar esse conhecimento, quer na identificação deste tipo de dor, quer na sua compreensão e tratamento, em cães e em gatos.
According to the International Association for the Study of Pain, pain is defined as " an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with actual or potential tissue damage". Pain that is associated with skeletal muscle and its fascia is defined as myofascial pain. Its clinical manifestation varies according to the intensity and previous experience of pain of the individuals. Myofascial pain is deep, diffuse and hard to locate. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and expertise of the Portuguese veterinarian class regarding the recognition of myofascial pain in dogs and cats, as well as its inclusion as a differential diagnosis. The study consisted in a short questionnaire of 34 questions, starting from more general questions, like the evaluation of the pain concept and other more specific like the implemented treatment in cases of Myofascial pain. 150 answers were collected which allowed to assess the knowledge degree of the class about this theme. The answers were collected and statistically analyzed allowing to evaluate the class's level of knowledge on this topic. After this study, we can conclude that there is a lack of consistency in the knowledge acquired on the subject of pain by inquired clinicians. When the questions refer to myofascial pain, the level of unfamiliarity increases significantly, and this decrease in terms of knowledge may be associated with the lack of clinical studies in veterinary medicine, mainly in the feline area associated with this matter. This study is expected to be an important starting point for the design of strategies and solutions in order to increase this knowledge, both in the identification of this type of pain and in its understanding and treatment in dogs and cats.
According to the International Association for the Study of Pain, pain is defined as " an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with actual or potential tissue damage". Pain that is associated with skeletal muscle and its fascia is defined as myofascial pain. Its clinical manifestation varies according to the intensity and previous experience of pain of the individuals. Myofascial pain is deep, diffuse and hard to locate. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and expertise of the Portuguese veterinarian class regarding the recognition of myofascial pain in dogs and cats, as well as its inclusion as a differential diagnosis. The study consisted in a short questionnaire of 34 questions, starting from more general questions, like the evaluation of the pain concept and other more specific like the implemented treatment in cases of Myofascial pain. 150 answers were collected which allowed to assess the knowledge degree of the class about this theme. The answers were collected and statistically analyzed allowing to evaluate the class's level of knowledge on this topic. After this study, we can conclude that there is a lack of consistency in the knowledge acquired on the subject of pain by inquired clinicians. When the questions refer to myofascial pain, the level of unfamiliarity increases significantly, and this decrease in terms of knowledge may be associated with the lack of clinical studies in veterinary medicine, mainly in the feline area associated with this matter. This study is expected to be an important starting point for the design of strategies and solutions in order to increase this knowledge, both in the identification of this type of pain and in its understanding and treatment in dogs and cats.
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Keywords
Dor miofascial Pontos gatilho Distúrbios musculares Sistema músculo-esquelético Medicina veterinária Cão e gato Myofascial pain Trigger points Muscular disorders Skeletal muscle Veterinary medicine Cat and dog