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Publication
Distúrbios alimentares em pacientes pediátricos : revisão narrativa
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| 1.17 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os distúrbios alimentares são transtornos psicológicos que normalmente começam na adolescência caracterizados por comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais que afetam tanto a saúde física como emocional. Os principais tipos são a Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, Transtorno de compulsão alimentar entre outos.
Estes distúrbios podem ter origem multifatorial, incluindo predisposição genética, influências ambientais, pressão social e questões emocionais, como ansiedade e depressão. Os sinais de alerta incluem perda de peso significativo, recusa alimentar, comportamentos obsessivos com a comida, medo intenso de engordar, compulsão alimentar e poderão ser associados a métodos compensatórios como vómitos ou exercício físico excessivo.
Nos últimos tempos tem havido uma forte relação com o uso excessivo das redes sociais, que muitas das vezes promovem padrões irreais de beleza e influenciam negativamente a autoestima.
Os médicos dentistas desempenham um papel fundamental na deteção dos efeitos dos distúrbios alimentares. A bulimia, por exemplo, causa erosão do esmalte devido ao contacto com os ácidos gástricos dos vómitos frequentes. A desnutrição pode levar à inflamação gengival, boca seca e halitose. Muitas vezes, o dentista é o primeiro a perceber esses sinais e pode encaminhar o paciente para o tratamento especializado.
O combate aos distúrbios alimentares exige uma abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo psicólogos, nutricionistas e médicos.
Eating disorders are psychological disorders that typically begin in adolescence and are characterized by dysfunctional eating behaviors that affect both physical and emotional health. The main types are Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, Binge eating disorder, among others. These disorders can have multifactorial origins, including genetic predisposition, environmental influences, social pressure and emotional issues such as anxiety and depression. Warning signs include significant weight loss, refusal to eat, obsessive behaviors with food, intense fear of gaining weight, binge eating and may be associated with compensatory methods such as vomiting or excessive physical exercise. In recent times there has been a strong relationship with the excessive use of social media, which often promotes unrealistic beauty standards and negatively influences self-esteem. Dentists play a key role in detecting the effects of eating disorders. Bulimia, for example, causes enamel erosion due to contact with gastric acids from frequent vomiting. Malnutrition can lead to gum inflammation, dry mouth and halitosis. Often, the dentist is the first to notice these signs and can refer the patient for specialized treatment. Combating eating disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving psychologists, nutritionists and doctors.
Eating disorders are psychological disorders that typically begin in adolescence and are characterized by dysfunctional eating behaviors that affect both physical and emotional health. The main types are Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, Binge eating disorder, among others. These disorders can have multifactorial origins, including genetic predisposition, environmental influences, social pressure and emotional issues such as anxiety and depression. Warning signs include significant weight loss, refusal to eat, obsessive behaviors with food, intense fear of gaining weight, binge eating and may be associated with compensatory methods such as vomiting or excessive physical exercise. In recent times there has been a strong relationship with the excessive use of social media, which often promotes unrealistic beauty standards and negatively influences self-esteem. Dentists play a key role in detecting the effects of eating disorders. Bulimia, for example, causes enamel erosion due to contact with gastric acids from frequent vomiting. Malnutrition can lead to gum inflammation, dry mouth and halitosis. Often, the dentist is the first to notice these signs and can refer the patient for specialized treatment. Combating eating disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving psychologists, nutritionists and doctors.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Erosão Vómito Adolescente Manifestações orais Bulimia nervosa Anorexia nervosa