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Cancro da mama em mulheres sobreviventes : a relação entre distress, suporte social e qualidade de vida
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Abstract(s)
O cancro da mama é o tipo de cancro mais prevalente entre as mulheres, e tanto a experiência da doença como do seu tratamento constituem fontes significativas de sofrimento e preocupação. Os avanços científicos têm contribuído para um aumento substancial das taxas de sobrevivência, contudo, é fundamental que o período pós-doença seja acompanhado por uma boa qualidade de vida. Ainda assim, a preocupação com a saúde, mesmo após o fim do tratamento, pode originar níveis elevados de distress psicológico, os quais podem ser atenuados mediante um suporte social adequado. A presente dissertação, de natureza observacional e transversal, teve como objetivo descrever a relação entre o distress psicológico, o suporte social e a qualidade de vida em mulheres sobreviventes de cancro da mama. Para além disso, pretendeu-se analisar o possível papel preditivo do suporte social, bem como de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, relativamente ao distress psicológico. A amostra foi composta por 101 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 29 e os 65 anos. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de um questionário sociodemográfico, do Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), do Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) e do European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30). Os resultados evidenciaram uma associação significativa entre o distress psicológico e a qualidade de vida, sendo o distress um preditor relevante de todas as suas dimensões. Verificou-se que o distress psicológico persiste no período de sobrevivência ao cancro da mama, com impactos em todas as áreas da qualidade de vida, o que sublinha a importância de um acompanhamento especializado que promova uma vivência mais positiva após a experiência oncológica.
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women, and both the experience of the disease and its treatment represent significant sources of suffering and concern. Scientific advances have contributed to a substantial increase in survival rates; however, a good quality of life must accompany the post-illness period. Nevertheless, health-related concerns, even after the end of treatment, may lead to high levels of psychological distress, which can be mitigated through adequate social support. This dissertation, of an observational and cross-sectional nature, aimed to describe the relationship between psychological distress, social support, and quality of life in women who have survived breast cancer. Furthermore, it sought to examine the potential predictive role of social support, as well as sociodemographic and clinical variables, in relation to psychological distress. The sample consisted of 101 participants, aged between 29 and 65 years. Data collection was carried out using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30). The results revealed a significant association between psychological distress and quality of life, with distress emerging as a relevant predictor of all quality-of-life dimensions. Psychological distress was found to persist during the breast cancer survivorship phase, impacting all areas of quality of life, highlighting the need for specialized support that fosters a more positive life experience following the oncological process.
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women, and both the experience of the disease and its treatment represent significant sources of suffering and concern. Scientific advances have contributed to a substantial increase in survival rates; however, a good quality of life must accompany the post-illness period. Nevertheless, health-related concerns, even after the end of treatment, may lead to high levels of psychological distress, which can be mitigated through adequate social support. This dissertation, of an observational and cross-sectional nature, aimed to describe the relationship between psychological distress, social support, and quality of life in women who have survived breast cancer. Furthermore, it sought to examine the potential predictive role of social support, as well as sociodemographic and clinical variables, in relation to psychological distress. The sample consisted of 101 participants, aged between 29 and 65 years. Data collection was carried out using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30). The results revealed a significant association between psychological distress and quality of life, with distress emerging as a relevant predictor of all quality-of-life dimensions. Psychological distress was found to persist during the breast cancer survivorship phase, impacting all areas of quality of life, highlighting the need for specialized support that fosters a more positive life experience following the oncological process.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Cancro Cancro da mama Mulheres Qualidade de vida Distress Stress Suporte social