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A saúde oral em residentes crónicos do Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa
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Abstract(s)
Objetivos: Descrever a prevalência de sialorreia, hipossialia, xerostomia, cárie, índice de placa (IP), índice gengival (IG); Relacionar hipossialia/xerostomia com medicação e diagnóstico psiquiátrico; Relacionar Índice de Placa, Índice Gengival e Índice de Dentes Cariados, Perdidos, Obturados (CPOD) com hipossialia/xerostomia, fatores demográficos, hábitos de higiene oral, medicação e diagnóstico psiquiátrico de residentes crónicos do Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa (CHPL).
Materiais e Métodos: Um estudo transversal, com uma amostra de 81 indivíduos residentes do CHPL, ambos os sexos e idades dos 18 aos 85 anos que consentiram a sua participação. O estudo foi aprovado pelas Comissões de Ética do Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz e do CHPL. Realizou-se exame intraoral, aplicou-se o índice CPOD, IP e IG, a sialometria (taxa de fluxo salivar não estimulado e estimulado), um questionário (variáveis sociodemográficas, patologia psiquiátrica, hábitos de higiene oral) e o questionário Summated Xerostomy Inventory (SXI-PL). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a uma análise estatística descritiva pelo software IBM SPSS Statistics ®.
Resultados: A idade média da amostra foi 47,78±15,31 anos, sendo o sexo masculino mais prevalente (81,48%). O diagnóstico psiquiátrico prevalente é a Esquizofrenia (59,26%), 59,30% da amostra consome 5 ou mais psicofármacos. A prevalência da xerostomia é de 53,00%, da hipossialia é de 75,30%, da sialorreia é de 3,70% e da cárie é 80,25% (CPOD de 23,23). Existe prevalência do Score 2-3 (53,09%) de IP e do Score 1,1-2 (41,98%) de IG. Verificou-se correlação entre hipossialia e as variáveis: quantidade de psicofármacos, IP e IG (p<0,05). Existe correlação entre xerostomia (SXI-PL) e Antidepressivos (p<0,05). Verificou-se associação entre CPOD, tempo de patologia/ tempo de toma de medicação psiquiátrica, alguns fatores demográficos e hábitos de higiene oral (p<0,05).
Conclusão: Os indivíduos com patologias psiquiátricas necessitam de cuidados orais reforçados, contínuos e a longo prazo.
Objectives: To describe the prevalence of sialorrhea, hyposialia, xerostomia, dental caries, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI); To relate hyposialia/xerostomia with medication and psychiatric diagnosis; To relate plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and decayed, lost and filled teeth index (DMFT) with hyposialia/xerostomia, demographic factors, oral hygiene habits, medication and psychiatric diagnosis of chronic residents of the Lisbon Psychiatric Hospital Center (CHPL). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study, with a sample of 81 CHPL residents, both genders and aged between 18 and 85, who consented to take part. The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Egas Moniz University Institute and the CHPL. An intraoral examination was carried out, the DMFT index, PI and GI, sialometry (unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate), a questionnaire (sociodemographic variables, psychiatric pathology, oral hygiene habits) and the Summated Xerostomy Inventory (SXI-PL) questionnaire were applied. The data obtained was subjected to a descriptive statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics ® software. Results: The average age of the sample was 47,78± 15,31 years, and males were more prevalent (81,48%). The most prevalent psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenia (59,26%), 59,30% of the sample took 5 or more psychotropic drugs. The prevalence of xerostomia was 53,00%, hyposialia 75,30%, sialorrhea 3,70% and dental caries 80,25% (DMFT 23,23). There was a prevalence of PI Score 2-3 (53,09%) and GI Score 1,1-2 (41,98%). There was a correlation between hyposialia and the variables: number of psychoactive drugs, PI and GI (p<0,05). There was a correlation between xerostomia (SXI-PL) and antidepressants (p<0,05). There was an association between DMFT and time of pathology/time of taking psychiatric medication, some demographic factors and oral hygiene habits (p<0,05). Conclusion: Individuals with psychiatric conditions need reinforced, continuous, and long-term oral care.
Objectives: To describe the prevalence of sialorrhea, hyposialia, xerostomia, dental caries, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI); To relate hyposialia/xerostomia with medication and psychiatric diagnosis; To relate plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and decayed, lost and filled teeth index (DMFT) with hyposialia/xerostomia, demographic factors, oral hygiene habits, medication and psychiatric diagnosis of chronic residents of the Lisbon Psychiatric Hospital Center (CHPL). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study, with a sample of 81 CHPL residents, both genders and aged between 18 and 85, who consented to take part. The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Egas Moniz University Institute and the CHPL. An intraoral examination was carried out, the DMFT index, PI and GI, sialometry (unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate), a questionnaire (sociodemographic variables, psychiatric pathology, oral hygiene habits) and the Summated Xerostomy Inventory (SXI-PL) questionnaire were applied. The data obtained was subjected to a descriptive statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics ® software. Results: The average age of the sample was 47,78± 15,31 years, and males were more prevalent (81,48%). The most prevalent psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenia (59,26%), 59,30% of the sample took 5 or more psychotropic drugs. The prevalence of xerostomia was 53,00%, hyposialia 75,30%, sialorrhea 3,70% and dental caries 80,25% (DMFT 23,23). There was a prevalence of PI Score 2-3 (53,09%) and GI Score 1,1-2 (41,98%). There was a correlation between hyposialia and the variables: number of psychoactive drugs, PI and GI (p<0,05). There was a correlation between xerostomia (SXI-PL) and antidepressants (p<0,05). There was an association between DMFT and time of pathology/time of taking psychiatric medication, some demographic factors and oral hygiene habits (p<0,05). Conclusion: Individuals with psychiatric conditions need reinforced, continuous, and long-term oral care.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Saúde oral Psicofármacos Cárie Hipossialia