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Publication
Direitos fundamentais e a não-discriminação
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Abstract(s)
A presente investigação, subordinada ao tema “Direitos Fundamentais e a Não-Discriminação. Crimes de discriminação em razão da orientação sexual”, tem como objetivo principal compreender de que forma a legislação e as políticas sobre crimes de discriminação em razão da orientação sexual e a resposta dada perante o fenómeno por parte das Forças e Serviços de Segurança concorrem para a evolução dos crimes de discriminação em razão da orientação sexual.
A metodologia de base segue uma matriz dedutiva, focando-se numa análise documental e bibliográfica extensa, complementada pela realização de inquéritos por entrevista. Desta forma, foi igualmente privilegiada uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, que, através de um raciocínio analítico em ordem decrescente, do geral para o particular, permitiram alcançar as conclusões.
Concluímos que Portugal tem vindo a adotar ao longo dos tempos várias medidas que visam garantir os direitos, liberdades e garantias dos cidadãos e cidadãs Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Trans e Intersexo. No entanto, apesar de a um nível jurídico ter vindo a acompanhar os desenvolvimentos internacionais, este não se verifica nos mecanismos de combate aos crimes de discriminação em razão da orientação sexual, uma vez que, não existe nenhum modelo de boas práticas de atuação policial, o que leva, consequentemente, a um desleixo e desinteresse contra as vítimas deste crime, devido ao dogma socialmente aceite.
Desta forma, conclui-se que não é possível apurar a evolução dos crimes em razão da orientação sexual, uma vez que não existem dados registados deste tipo de crime. Para tal, é necessário adotar um série de medidas e boas práticas, nomeadamente, campanhas de trust-building, que procurem consciencializar a população sobre a temática e que, ao mesmo tempo, fomentem a denúncia dos crimes desta natureza, junto das Forças e Serviços de Segurança, que devem, também estes, adotar sistemas de apoio às vítimas deste tipo de crimes, elevando o nível de confiança perante a população. A implementação de todos estes sistemas irá reunir as condições necessárias para suportar a proteção dos cidadãos vítimas destes crimes, que, por sua vez, irá providenciar os recursos legais às vítimas e irá colocar um fim à impunidade dos que violam os Direitos Fundamentais das pessoas.
The present investigation "Fundamental Rights and Non-Discrimination. Crimes of discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation", has the main goal of understand how legislation and policies act on crimes of discrimination based on sexual orientation, and how does the response given to the occurrence by the Security Forces and Services contributes to the progression of discrimination based on sexual orientation. The methodology respects a deductive matrix, focusing on an extensive documentary and bibliographic analysis, complemented by interview surveys. On the other hand, a qualitative and quantitative approach was also completed, which through an analytical reasoning in descending order, from the general to the particular, allowed to reach the conclusions. We conclude that Portugal have adopted over the years several measures that aimed to guarantee the rights and freedoms of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex citizens. Although at a legal level Portugal has been following international progresses, this doesn’t demonstrate truly the mechanisms to combat crimes of discrimination based on sexual orientation, once there is no model that shows what should be a good police practice. These leads consequently to a lack of interest and unconcern about the victims of this type of crimes because of the socially accepted dogma. In this way, we can conclude that isn’t possible to determine the evolution of crimes on the grounds of sexual orientation, since there are no recorded data of this type of crime. Furthermore, it is necessary to adopt a sequence of measures and good practices, such as trust-building campaigns, which seek to raise public awareness of the issue and at the same time encourage the reporting of crimes of this nature to the Forces and Services. These Forces must also adopt procedures to support victims of this type of crime, raising the level of trust towards the population. The implementation of all these procedures will provide the necessary conditions to support the protection of the citizens who are victims of these crimes, which will in turn provide legal resources to the victims and end impunity for those who violate people's fundamental rights.
The present investigation "Fundamental Rights and Non-Discrimination. Crimes of discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation", has the main goal of understand how legislation and policies act on crimes of discrimination based on sexual orientation, and how does the response given to the occurrence by the Security Forces and Services contributes to the progression of discrimination based on sexual orientation. The methodology respects a deductive matrix, focusing on an extensive documentary and bibliographic analysis, complemented by interview surveys. On the other hand, a qualitative and quantitative approach was also completed, which through an analytical reasoning in descending order, from the general to the particular, allowed to reach the conclusions. We conclude that Portugal have adopted over the years several measures that aimed to guarantee the rights and freedoms of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex citizens. Although at a legal level Portugal has been following international progresses, this doesn’t demonstrate truly the mechanisms to combat crimes of discrimination based on sexual orientation, once there is no model that shows what should be a good police practice. These leads consequently to a lack of interest and unconcern about the victims of this type of crimes because of the socially accepted dogma. In this way, we can conclude that isn’t possible to determine the evolution of crimes on the grounds of sexual orientation, since there are no recorded data of this type of crime. Furthermore, it is necessary to adopt a sequence of measures and good practices, such as trust-building campaigns, which seek to raise public awareness of the issue and at the same time encourage the reporting of crimes of this nature to the Forces and Services. These Forces must also adopt procedures to support victims of this type of crime, raising the level of trust towards the population. The implementation of all these procedures will provide the necessary conditions to support the protection of the citizens who are victims of these crimes, which will in turn provide legal resources to the victims and end impunity for those who violate people's fundamental rights.
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Keywords
Orientação Sexual Discriminação Boas práticas Recursos legais Forças e Serviços de Segurança.