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Separação precoce da díade mãe-bebé : Intervenção do enfermeiro obstetra
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O presente trabalho insere-se no Estágio com Relatório do 1.º Mestrado em Enfermagem em Saúde Materna e Obstétrica, tendo como objetivo relatar o desenvolvimento de competências do EEESMO. A investigação centrou-se na intervenção do EEESMO junto da puérpera em situação de separação precoce da díade mãe-bebé, uma condição com repercussões relevantes no bem-estar materno e na construção do papel maternal.
A investigação decorreu em duas fases: uma Revisão Scoping, orientada pelas diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute, e um estudo empírico descritivo de natureza predominantemente quantitativa. A revisão da literatura permitiu mapear a evidência existente, revelando que a separação precoce provoca sentimentos intensos como medo, culpa, ansiedade, stress e impotência. Identificaram-se como intervenções prioritárias do EEESMO o apoio emocional, psicológico, informativo, comunicacional e tecnológico.
O estudo empírico, realizado entre agosto e setembro de 2024, através de um questionário online, incluiu uma amostra não probabilística de 50 enfermeiros. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados com o SPSS, e os qualitativos segundo a metodologia de Bardin. Os resultados indicaram que os enfermeiros valorizam o apoio emocional, psicológico e a comunicação terapêutica, embora o uso de tecnologias digitais ainda esteja em desenvolvimento. Entre os fatores dificultadores da intervenção destacam-se a escassez de recursos humanos e a estrutura organizacional; como facilitadores, apontam-se a organização dos cuidados, a formação, a comunicação, o vínculo mãe-bebé e o uso de tecnologias.
O estudo empírico, revelou ainda três achados inovadores não identificados na revisão: a promoção da vinculação mãe-bebé, o suporte psicológico especializado e a gestão prática do cuidado.
Conclui-se que a atuação do EEESMO é crucial para mitigar o impacto da separação precoce, promovendo a vinculação e a adaptação positiva ao papel maternal, exigindo-se para tal um reforço institucional e organizacional.
This study is part of the Internship with Report, integrated into the 1st Master’s Degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, and aims to report the development of obstetric nurse competencies. The research focused on the role of the obstetric nurse in supporting postpartum women experiencing early separation from the mother-infant dyad, a phenomenon with significant implications for maternal well-being and the development of the maternal role. The investigation was carried out in two complementary phases: SR, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute framework, and a descriptive empirical study with a predominantly quantitative approach. The literature review allowed the mapping of existing scientific evidence, highlighting that early separation evokes intense emotions such as fear, guilt, anxiety, stress, and helplessness. Key nursing interventions identified include emotional, psychological, informational, communicational, and technological support. The empirical study, conducted between August and September 2024 using an online questionnaire, involved a non-probabilistic sample of 50 nurses. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data were examined through Bardin’s content analysis methodology. The main findings indicate that nurses recognize emotional and psychological support, along with therapeutic communication, as central pillars of their intervention. The use of digital technologies for support remains underdeveloped. Barriers to effective intervention include staff shortages and service structure, while facilitators include care organization, communication, training, mother-infant bonding, and the use of both digital and analog technologies. Additionally, the empirical study revealed three novel findings not identified in the literature review: the promotion of mother-infant bonding, specialized psychological support, and the practical management of care. In conclusion, the obstetric nurse’s intervention is essential in minimizing the emotional impact of early mother-infant separation, fostering bonding and healthy maternal role adaptation. Full implementation of this care requires strengthened organizational support and institutional recognition of woman-centered postpartum care.
This study is part of the Internship with Report, integrated into the 1st Master’s Degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, and aims to report the development of obstetric nurse competencies. The research focused on the role of the obstetric nurse in supporting postpartum women experiencing early separation from the mother-infant dyad, a phenomenon with significant implications for maternal well-being and the development of the maternal role. The investigation was carried out in two complementary phases: SR, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute framework, and a descriptive empirical study with a predominantly quantitative approach. The literature review allowed the mapping of existing scientific evidence, highlighting that early separation evokes intense emotions such as fear, guilt, anxiety, stress, and helplessness. Key nursing interventions identified include emotional, psychological, informational, communicational, and technological support. The empirical study, conducted between August and September 2024 using an online questionnaire, involved a non-probabilistic sample of 50 nurses. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data were examined through Bardin’s content analysis methodology. The main findings indicate that nurses recognize emotional and psychological support, along with therapeutic communication, as central pillars of their intervention. The use of digital technologies for support remains underdeveloped. Barriers to effective intervention include staff shortages and service structure, while facilitators include care organization, communication, training, mother-infant bonding, and the use of both digital and analog technologies. Additionally, the empirical study revealed three novel findings not identified in the literature review: the promotion of mother-infant bonding, specialized psychological support, and the practical management of care. In conclusion, the obstetric nurse’s intervention is essential in minimizing the emotional impact of early mother-infant separation, fostering bonding and healthy maternal role adaptation. Full implementation of this care requires strengthened organizational support and institutional recognition of woman-centered postpartum care.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Enfermagem obstétrica Enfermeiras obstétricas Apego ao objeto Relações mãe-filho Satisfação do paciente