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A teoria da troca líder-membro e a sua influência na motivação para o serviço público: o papel mediador da satisfação no trabalho e do bem-estar subjetivo em agentes e chefes da PSP.
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Resumo(s)
No quotidiano policial, liderar implica construir relações de confiança, de apoio e de reconhecimento, capazes de influenciar a forma como os polícias avaliam o seu trabalho, vivem a sua experiência profissional e mantêm a sua motivação para servir o interesse público.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar de que modo a qualidade da relação líder–membro (Leader–Member Exchange — LMX) se associa à Motivação para o Serviço Público (Public Service Motivation — PSM) dos polícias das carreiras de agente e de chefe da PSP, considerando a Satisfação no Trabalho e o Bem-Estar Subjetivo como variáveis mediadoras desta relação.
A investigação adotou uma abordagem quantitativa, de natureza transversal, não experimental e correlacional, através da aplicação de um questionário online a uma amostra analítica de 526 polícias das carreiras de agente e de chefe da PSP. A carreira de agente compreende as categorias de agente, agente principal e agente coordenador, enquanto a carreira de chefe compreende as categorias de chefe, chefe principal e chefe coordenador. Os resultados evidenciaram associações positivas entre a LMX, a Satisfação no Trabalho, o Bem-Estar Subjetivo e a PSM. Verificou-se, ainda, que a relação entre LMX e PSM se manifestou predominantemente de forma indireta, através da Satisfação no Trabalho e do Bem-Estar Subjetivo, sugerindo que a qualidade da relação com a chefia influencia a Motivação para o Serviço Público sobretudo por via da forma como os polícias avaliam e vivenciam o seu trabalho.
Conclui-se que, numa instituição fortemente hierarquizada e orientada para a missão pública, a liderança relacional constitui uma dimensão relevante para promover satisfação, bem-estar e motivação nos profissionais que asseguram diariamente o serviço policial.
In everyday police work, leadership involves building relationships based on trust, support, and recognition, capable of influencing how police officers evaluate their work, experience their professional life, and maintain their motivation to serve the public interest. This study aimed to analyse how the quality of the leader–member relationship (Leader–Member Exchange — LMX) is associated with Public Service Motivation (Public Service Motivation — PSM) among police officers in the agent and chief career paths of the Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP), considering Job Satisfaction and Subjective Well-Being as mediating variables. The research adopted a quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental, and correlational approach, through the administration of a of an online questionnaire to an analytical sample of 526 police officers in the agent and chief career paths of the PSP. The agent career path comprises the categories of agent, principal agent, and coordinating agent, while the chief career path comprises the categories of chief, principal chief, and coordinating chief. The results revealed positive associations between LMX, Job Satisfaction, Subjective Well-Being, and PSM. Furthermore, the relationship between LMX and PSM was found to occur predominantly indirectly, through Job Satisfaction and Subjective Well-Being, suggesting that the quality of the relationship with the supervisor influences Public Service Motivation mainly through the way police officers evaluate and experience their work. It is concluded that, in a strongly hierarchical institution oriented towards a public mission, relational leadership is a relevant dimension for promoting satisfaction, well-being, and motivation among the professionals who ensure police service on a daily basis.
In everyday police work, leadership involves building relationships based on trust, support, and recognition, capable of influencing how police officers evaluate their work, experience their professional life, and maintain their motivation to serve the public interest. This study aimed to analyse how the quality of the leader–member relationship (Leader–Member Exchange — LMX) is associated with Public Service Motivation (Public Service Motivation — PSM) among police officers in the agent and chief career paths of the Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP), considering Job Satisfaction and Subjective Well-Being as mediating variables. The research adopted a quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental, and correlational approach, through the administration of a of an online questionnaire to an analytical sample of 526 police officers in the agent and chief career paths of the PSP. The agent career path comprises the categories of agent, principal agent, and coordinating agent, while the chief career path comprises the categories of chief, principal chief, and coordinating chief. The results revealed positive associations between LMX, Job Satisfaction, Subjective Well-Being, and PSM. Furthermore, the relationship between LMX and PSM was found to occur predominantly indirectly, through Job Satisfaction and Subjective Well-Being, suggesting that the quality of the relationship with the supervisor influences Public Service Motivation mainly through the way police officers evaluate and experience their work. It is concluded that, in a strongly hierarchical institution oriented towards a public mission, relational leadership is a relevant dimension for promoting satisfaction, well-being, and motivation among the professionals who ensure police service on a daily basis.
Descrição
Mestrado em Ciências Policiais – Curso de Formação de Oficiais de Policia
Palavras-chave
leader-member exchange motivação para o serviço público satisfação no trabalho bem-estar subjetivo polícia de segurança pública public service motivation job satisfaction subjective well-being