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Publication
Perceção dos enfermeiros sobre as mudanças nas Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos COVID-19: Contributo da Supervisão Clínica
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| 2.65 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A pandemia de COVID-19, iniciada em 2019, resultou numa crise sem precedentes nos sistemas de saúde, obrigando as Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos a adaptarem-se rapidamente a um aumento exponencial de doentes críticos. A elevada necessidade de internamentos em Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, devido à gravidade dos casos de COVID-19, implicou profundas mudanças organizacionais e operacionais, com um impacto direto e prolongado nos profissionais de saúde. Os enfermeiros, em particular, enfrentaram desafios significativos tanto a nível técnico como psicológico, dada a sobrecarga de trabalho e a elevada pressão emocional causada pela pandemia.
Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar a perceção dos enfermeiros acerca das mudanças nas Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos durante a pandemia, com especial ênfase na contribuição da supervisão clínica. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, com recolha de dados realizada através de focus groups. Participaram no estudo 13 enfermeiros de duas Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos dedicadas ao tratamento de doentes com COVID-19.
Os resultados indicam que as mudanças nas Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos foram maioritariamente percecionadas como negativas, especialmente no domínio psicológico, devido às intensas pressões e desafios diários enfrentados durante a crise. Os enfermeiros identificaram défices na centralização dos cuidados no cliente e lacunas nas estratégias de gestão. Quanto à supervisão clínica, foi considerada insuficiente para apoiar a adaptação dos profissionais às novas exigências impostas pela pandemia, revelando-se uma área de necessidade crítica.
O estudo sublinha a importância de reforçar a supervisão clínica em crises de saúde pública futuras, promovendo o desenvolvimento contínuo de competências profissionais e a segurança nos cuidados de enfermagem. Estes resultados podem servir de base para a criação de programas que melhorem a capacidade de resposta dos enfermeiros em contextos de elevada pressão, assegurando a qualidade e a segurança dos cuidados prestados. A integração de um modelo robusto de supervisão clínica poderá contribuir não só para o desenvolvimento de competências, mas também para o bem-estar psicológico dos enfermeiros, que enfrentam ambientes de trabalho extremamente desafiantes.
The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2019, resulted in an unprecedented crisis in healthcare systems, forcing Intensive Care Units to rapidly adapt to an exponential increase in critically ill patients. The high demand for Intensive Care Units admissions, due to the severity of COVID-19 cases, led to profound organizational and operational changes, with a direct and lasting impact on healthcare professionals. Nurses faced significant challenges both technically and psychologically, due to the workload and the intense emotional pressure caused by the pandemic. This study aims to explore nurses' perceptions of the changes in Intensive Care Units during the pandemic, with a particular focus on the contribution of clinical supervision. Qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study, with data collected through focus groups. A total of 13 nurses from two Intensive Care Units dedicated to treating COVID-19 patients participated in the study. The results show that the changes in Intensive Care Units were predominantly perceived as negative, especially in the psychological domain, due to the intense pressures and daily challenges faced during the crisis. Nurses identified deficits in patient-centered care and gaps in management strategies. Clinical supervision was considered insufficient to support professionals in adapting to the new demands imposed by the pandemic, revealing a critical area of need. The study highlights the importance of strengthening clinical supervision in future public health crises, promoting the continuous development of professional competencies and ensuring the safety of nursing care. These findings may serve as a basis for the creation of programs that enhance nurses' capacity to respond in high-pressure environments, ensuring the quality and safety of care provided. The integration of a robust clinical supervision model could contribute not only to the development of skills but also to the psychological well-being of nurses, who face extremely challenging work environments.
The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2019, resulted in an unprecedented crisis in healthcare systems, forcing Intensive Care Units to rapidly adapt to an exponential increase in critically ill patients. The high demand for Intensive Care Units admissions, due to the severity of COVID-19 cases, led to profound organizational and operational changes, with a direct and lasting impact on healthcare professionals. Nurses faced significant challenges both technically and psychologically, due to the workload and the intense emotional pressure caused by the pandemic. This study aims to explore nurses' perceptions of the changes in Intensive Care Units during the pandemic, with a particular focus on the contribution of clinical supervision. Qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study, with data collected through focus groups. A total of 13 nurses from two Intensive Care Units dedicated to treating COVID-19 patients participated in the study. The results show that the changes in Intensive Care Units were predominantly perceived as negative, especially in the psychological domain, due to the intense pressures and daily challenges faced during the crisis. Nurses identified deficits in patient-centered care and gaps in management strategies. Clinical supervision was considered insufficient to support professionals in adapting to the new demands imposed by the pandemic, revealing a critical area of need. The study highlights the importance of strengthening clinical supervision in future public health crises, promoting the continuous development of professional competencies and ensuring the safety of nursing care. These findings may serve as a basis for the creation of programs that enhance nurses' capacity to respond in high-pressure environments, ensuring the quality and safety of care provided. The integration of a robust clinical supervision model could contribute not only to the development of skills but also to the psychological well-being of nurses, who face extremely challenging work environments.
Description
Keywords
COVID-19 Cuidados Intensivos Enfermagem Supervisão Clínica Mudanças