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Publication
Implante curto : alternativa não invasiva para evitar estruturas anatómicas vitais
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Abstract(s)
Em algumas situações, periondontites, radioterapia, quimioterapia ou devido a severareabsorção óssea que ocorre após a perda de dentes, certas considerações anatómicas podem exigir um aumento cirúrgico do volume ósseo antes da colocação de implantes. A reabsorção óssea é um dos maiores inconvenientes para a colocação de implantes, exigindo a maioria das vezes uma técnica cirúrgica de enxerto ósseo que aumenta a
duração, custo e morbilidade do tratamento.
A fim de evitar estas cirurgias consideradas pesadas e invasivas, o implante curto foi proposto como uma alternativa. As melhorias dos diferentes sistemas de implantes, especialmente as inovações em matéria de arquitetura do implante associado ao tratamento da sua superfície e do protocolo cirúrgico, permitiram compensar o seu curto comprimento.
Uma abordagem alternativa nos casos em que uma quantidade limitada de osso está disponível é o uso de implantes curtos de 6 a 8 mm de comprimento, em vez de uma faixa padrão de 10 a 16 mm. Esta estratégia evita a necessidade de aumento ósseo e simplifica o tratamento. Com efeito, vários estudos sobre a taxa de sobrevivência do implante curto, mostraram resultados semelhantes aos dos implantes de comprimentos padrão.
O objetivo desta tese é fazer uma revisão atual sobre implantes curtos, descrevendo as considerações anatômicas nos arcos maxilar e mandibular antes da colocação do implante, apresentar o raciocínio para o uso de implantes curtos através da descrição dos desenvolvimentos do seu design e dos protocolos cirúrgicos e para descobrir os resultados da colocação do implante através de diferentes estudos.
In some situations, periodontitis, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or due to severe bone resorption that occurs after tooth loss, certain anatomical considerations may require a surgical increase in bone volume prior to implant placement. Bone resorption is the major drawback to the installation of standard long-term implants, requiring most often a surgical bone graft technique that increases the duration, cost and morbidity of treatment. In order to avoid these surgeries considered heavy and invasive, the short implant was proposed as an alternative. The improvements of the different implant systems, especially the innovations in the architecture of the implant associated with the treatment of its surface and the surgical protocol, made it possible to compensate for its short length. An alternative approach in cases where a limited amount of bone is available is the use of short implants 6-8 mm in length, rather than a standard range of 10-16 mm. This strategy avoids the need for bone augmentation and simplifies treatment. In fact, several studies on the survival rate of the short implant showed results similar to those of standard implants. This project has as main objective to make a more current review about short implants, describing the anatomical considerations in the maxillary and mandibular arches before the implant is placed, present the reasoning for the use of short implants through the description of their design developments and surgical protocols and to discover the results of implant placement through different studies.
In some situations, periodontitis, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or due to severe bone resorption that occurs after tooth loss, certain anatomical considerations may require a surgical increase in bone volume prior to implant placement. Bone resorption is the major drawback to the installation of standard long-term implants, requiring most often a surgical bone graft technique that increases the duration, cost and morbidity of treatment. In order to avoid these surgeries considered heavy and invasive, the short implant was proposed as an alternative. The improvements of the different implant systems, especially the innovations in the architecture of the implant associated with the treatment of its surface and the surgical protocol, made it possible to compensate for its short length. An alternative approach in cases where a limited amount of bone is available is the use of short implants 6-8 mm in length, rather than a standard range of 10-16 mm. This strategy avoids the need for bone augmentation and simplifies treatment. In fact, several studies on the survival rate of the short implant showed results similar to those of standard implants. This project has as main objective to make a more current review about short implants, describing the anatomical considerations in the maxillary and mandibular arches before the implant is placed, present the reasoning for the use of short implants through the description of their design developments and surgical protocols and to discover the results of implant placement through different studies.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Considerações anatómicas Implante curto Estabilidade primária Design de implante