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Xerostomia e halitose em pacientes geriátricos
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Resumo(s)
A presença de xerostomia e halitose em indivíduos idosos encontra-se amplamente documentada na literatura, estando frequentemente associada a alterações
fisiológicas inerentes ao envelhecimento, bem como à polimedicação e à presença de condições sistémicas. A xerostomia caracteriza-se por uma perceção subjetiva de secura na cavidade oral e a halitose manifesta-se por um odor oral indesejado. Ambas as condições contribuem negativamente para o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida dos idosos.
O presente trabalho consiste numa revisão narrativa que integra diferentes dimensões destas condições, incluindo os seus aspetos clínicos, etiológicos, psicossociais e opções terapêuticas. A metodologia baseou-se em publicações científicas de bases de dados, como a PubMed, SciELO, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram abordadas as modificações salivares associadas ao envelhecimento, o impacto da polimedicação, a ligação com patologias sistémicas, os métodos de avaliação disponíveis e as estratégias terapêuticas mais recentes. Concluiu-se que a intervenção precoce, aliada a uma abordagem integrada e multidisciplinar, é fundamental para o controlo destas condições no contexto da saúde oral geriátrica.
The presence of xerostomia and halitosis in elderly individuals is extensively documented in the literature and is frequently associated with physiological changes inherent to aging, as well as with polypharmacy and the presence of systemic conditions. Xerostomia is characterized by a subjective perception of dryness in the oral cavity, while halitosis manifests as an unpleasant oral odor. Both conditions negatively impact the well-being and quality of life of older adults. This work is a narrative review that integrates different dimensions of these conditions, including their clinical, etiological, psychosocial aspects and therapeutic options. The methodology was based on scientific publications retrieved from databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science. The review addressed salivary alterations related to aging, the impact of polypharmacy, the connection with systemic diseases, the available assessment methods, and the most recent therapeutic strategies. It was concluded that early intervention, combined with an integrated and multidisciplinary approach, is essential for the management of these conditions in the context of geriatric oral health.
The presence of xerostomia and halitosis in elderly individuals is extensively documented in the literature and is frequently associated with physiological changes inherent to aging, as well as with polypharmacy and the presence of systemic conditions. Xerostomia is characterized by a subjective perception of dryness in the oral cavity, while halitosis manifests as an unpleasant oral odor. Both conditions negatively impact the well-being and quality of life of older adults. This work is a narrative review that integrates different dimensions of these conditions, including their clinical, etiological, psychosocial aspects and therapeutic options. The methodology was based on scientific publications retrieved from databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science. The review addressed salivary alterations related to aging, the impact of polypharmacy, the connection with systemic diseases, the available assessment methods, and the most recent therapeutic strategies. It was concluded that early intervention, combined with an integrated and multidisciplinary approach, is essential for the management of these conditions in the context of geriatric oral health.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Xerostomia Halitose Geriatria Saliva