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Níveis de stress e ansiedade em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia periodontal : estudo piloto
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Introdução: As consultas de Medicina Dentária provocam stress e ansiedade e é
expectável que cirurgia periodontal provoque mais ainda. O stress pode provocar
alterações da pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca e a ansiedade pode prejudicar a adesão ao tratamento e a cooperação do paciente (Eroğlu, Ataoğlu e Küçük, 2017).
Objetivos: Verificar se existem alterações significativas nos níveis de stress e de
ansiedade em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia periodontal, entre o momento
imediatamente antes de intervenção e até 14 dias depois da mesma, assim como
identificar as variáveis que podem influenciar estes fenómenos. Deste modo podemos
detetar os pacientes com propensão a ansiedade pré-cirurgica e adotar procedimentos para a sua redução.
Pacientes e métodos: Foi realizada a medição da pressão arterial e da frequência
cardíaca e aplicado o questionário STAI-Y em 62 pacientes prestes a serem submetidos
a cirurgia periodontal nas consultas de Periodontologia da Clínica Dentária Assistencial
Egas Moniz. As medições dos parâmetros vitais e o STAI-Y foram repetidos entre 7 a 14
dias após a intervenção, onde também se realizou a avaliação da dor pós-operatória com recurso à escala visual analógica e se registaram complicações pós-operatórias e a
medicação analgésica consumida.
Resultados e conclusões: Verificámos uma predominância do género feminino na
amostra (64,5%) e uma idade média de 46,7±14 anos. As cirurgias periodontais foram
agrupadas em ressetivas, regenerativas, enxertos gengivais e outras cirurgias plásticas
periodontais e a duração média das cirurgias foi de 91,1 minutos. A pressão arterial e a
frequência cardíaca revelaram-se significativamente mais altas antes da cirurgia
periodontal do que na consulta de controlo. Também no estado de ansiedade, avaliado
através do questionário STAI-Y, verificámos uma diferença estatisticamente significativa
antes (34±18) e depois (27,5±10) da cirurgia. Um maior grau de informação sobre o
procedimento parece diminuir a ansiedade, enquanto experiências traumáticas no dentista a aumentam. O stress e ansiedade não aparentam influenciar a perceção de dor póscirúrgica.
Introduction: Dentistry appointments cause stress and anxiety and periodontal surgery is expected to provoke even more. Stress can cause changes in blood pressure and heart rate, and anxiety can impair treatment adherence and patient compliance (Eroğlu, Ataoğlu & Küçük, 2017). Objectives: The aim of the present study is to verify if there are significant changes in stress and anxiety levels in patients undergoing periodontal surgery, from the moment immediately before the intervention and up to 14 days after the intervention, as well as to identify the variables that may influence these phenomena. Thus, we can detect patients prone to pre-surgical anxiety and adopt procedures to reduce for its reduction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood pressure and heart rate were measured and the STAI-Y questionnaire was applied to 62 patients about to undergo periodontal surgery at Periodontology appointments at Egas Moniz Dental Care Clinic. Measurements of vital parameters and STAI-Y were repeated 7 to 14 days after the intervention, when postoperative pain was also assessed using the visual analogue scale, and postoperative complications and analgesic medication consumed were recorded. Results and conclusions: We found a predominance of females in the sample (64.5%) and a mean age of 46,7±14 years. Periodontal surgeries were grouped into resective, regenerative, gingival grafts and other periodontal plastic surgeries and the average duration of the surgeries was 91.1 minutes. Blood pressure and heart rate were significantly higher before periodontal surgery than at the control appointment. A statistically significant difference was also found in state anxiety, assessed through the STAI-Y questionnaire, before (34±18) and after (27,5±10) the surgery. A greater degree of information about the procedure seems to decrease anxiety, while traumatic experiences at the dentist increase it. Stress and anxiety do not appear to influence the perception of postoperative pain.
Introduction: Dentistry appointments cause stress and anxiety and periodontal surgery is expected to provoke even more. Stress can cause changes in blood pressure and heart rate, and anxiety can impair treatment adherence and patient compliance (Eroğlu, Ataoğlu & Küçük, 2017). Objectives: The aim of the present study is to verify if there are significant changes in stress and anxiety levels in patients undergoing periodontal surgery, from the moment immediately before the intervention and up to 14 days after the intervention, as well as to identify the variables that may influence these phenomena. Thus, we can detect patients prone to pre-surgical anxiety and adopt procedures to reduce for its reduction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood pressure and heart rate were measured and the STAI-Y questionnaire was applied to 62 patients about to undergo periodontal surgery at Periodontology appointments at Egas Moniz Dental Care Clinic. Measurements of vital parameters and STAI-Y were repeated 7 to 14 days after the intervention, when postoperative pain was also assessed using the visual analogue scale, and postoperative complications and analgesic medication consumed were recorded. Results and conclusions: We found a predominance of females in the sample (64.5%) and a mean age of 46,7±14 years. Periodontal surgeries were grouped into resective, regenerative, gingival grafts and other periodontal plastic surgeries and the average duration of the surgeries was 91.1 minutes. Blood pressure and heart rate were significantly higher before periodontal surgery than at the control appointment. A statistically significant difference was also found in state anxiety, assessed through the STAI-Y questionnaire, before (34±18) and after (27,5±10) the surgery. A greater degree of information about the procedure seems to decrease anxiety, while traumatic experiences at the dentist increase it. Stress and anxiety do not appear to influence the perception of postoperative pain.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Stress Ansiedade STAI-Y Cirurgia periodontal