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Este relatório de estágio constitui um elemento essencial no percurso académico realizado no
âmbito do Mestrado em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, na área de Enfermagem à Pessoa em
Situação Crítica, da Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto. A estrutura deste documento
encontra-se organizada em três partes principais, subdivididas em capítulos, com o intuito de
proporcionar uma visão clara e reflexiva acerca do processo de aquisição e desenvolvimento de
competências, tanto comuns quanto específicas, exigidas na prática do Enfermeiro Especialista
nesta área, conforme estabelecido nos Regulamentos nº 140/2019 e nº 429/2018 da Ordem dos
Enfermeiros.
O estágio foi desenvolvido em três contextos clínicos distintos: Serviço de Urgência Polivalente,
Unidade de Cuidados Intermédios Polivalente e Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente.
Estes ambientes de prática permitiram a integração de conhecimentos teóricos com a
experiência clínica, facilitando a implementação de um projeto de desenvolvimento profissional,
alinhada com os meus interesses individuais e com as necessidades clínicas identificadas. No
meu caso, o foco foi direcionado para o processo de tomada de decisão no âmbito da prevenção
de lesões tegumentares relacionadas com a presença de dispositivos médicos no doente crítico.
O desenvolvimento deste projeto foi efetuado com recurso a uma Rapid Review, que permitiu a
análise aprofundada dos fatores que influenciam esta intervenção, visando a melhoria das
práticas clínicas e a segurança do doente.
A ocorrência de lesões por pressão em doentes críticos está frequentemente associada à
utilização de dispositivos médicos indispensáveis para o suporte e monitorização clínica. A
interação destes dispositivos com fatores de risco adicionais, como a imobilidade prolongada, as
alterações na perfusão tecidual e a fragilidade cutânea, pode potenciar o desenvolvimento
destas lesões, comprometendo a integridade da pele e aumentando o risco de complicações. A
sua prevenção exige uma vigilância contínua, uma avaliação criteriosa da integridade
tegumentar, a seleção de materiais adequados e a reavaliação periódica da necessidade e
posicionamento dos dispositivos.
A elaboração deste relatório foi suportada pela plataforma pedagógica "e4nursing", utilizada
pela Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, e reflete a trajetória de crescimento académico e
profissional percorrida durante o Mestrado.
This internship report is an essential component of the academic journey undertaken within the scope of the Master’s in Medical-Surgical Nursing, specializing in Nursing Care for the Critically Ill Patient, at Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto. The structure of this document is organized into three main sections, subdivided into chapters, aiming to provide a clear and reflective perspective on the process of acquiring and developing both common and specific skills required for the practice of the Specialist Nurse in this field, as established in Regulations No. 140/2019 and No. 429/2018 of the Order of Nurses. The internship was carried out in three distinct clinical settings: the Emergency Department, the Intermediate Care Unit and the Intensive Care Unit. These practical environments allowed the integration of theoretical knowledge with clinical experience, facilitating the implementation of a professional development project aligned with my individual interests and the identified clinical needs. In my case, the focus was directed toward the decision-making process regarding the prevention of skin injuries related to the presence of medical devices in critically ill patients. The development of this project was conducted using a Rapid Review, which allowed an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing this intervention, aiming to improve clinical practices and patient safety. The occurrence of pressure injuries in critically ill patients is frequently associated with the use of medical devices that are essential for clinical support and monitoring. The interaction of these devices with additional risk factors, including prolonged immobility, impaired tissue perfusion, and skin fragility, can contribute to the development of these injuries, compromising skin integrity and increasing the risk of complications. Their prevention requires continuous monitoring, a thorough assessment of skin integrity, the selection of appropriate materials, and the periodic reassessment of the necessity and positioning of devices. The preparation of this report was supported by the "e4nursing" pedagogical platform, used by Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, and reflects the academic and professional growth trajectory undertaken throughout the master’s program.
This internship report is an essential component of the academic journey undertaken within the scope of the Master’s in Medical-Surgical Nursing, specializing in Nursing Care for the Critically Ill Patient, at Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto. The structure of this document is organized into three main sections, subdivided into chapters, aiming to provide a clear and reflective perspective on the process of acquiring and developing both common and specific skills required for the practice of the Specialist Nurse in this field, as established in Regulations No. 140/2019 and No. 429/2018 of the Order of Nurses. The internship was carried out in three distinct clinical settings: the Emergency Department, the Intermediate Care Unit and the Intensive Care Unit. These practical environments allowed the integration of theoretical knowledge with clinical experience, facilitating the implementation of a professional development project aligned with my individual interests and the identified clinical needs. In my case, the focus was directed toward the decision-making process regarding the prevention of skin injuries related to the presence of medical devices in critically ill patients. The development of this project was conducted using a Rapid Review, which allowed an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing this intervention, aiming to improve clinical practices and patient safety. The occurrence of pressure injuries in critically ill patients is frequently associated with the use of medical devices that are essential for clinical support and monitoring. The interaction of these devices with additional risk factors, including prolonged immobility, impaired tissue perfusion, and skin fragility, can contribute to the development of these injuries, compromising skin integrity and increasing the risk of complications. Their prevention requires continuous monitoring, a thorough assessment of skin integrity, the selection of appropriate materials, and the periodic reassessment of the necessity and positioning of devices. The preparation of this report was supported by the "e4nursing" pedagogical platform, used by Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, and reflects the academic and professional growth trajectory undertaken throughout the master’s program.
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Enfermagem Doença Crítica Equipamentos e Provisões Hospitalares Manifestações cutâneas Úlcera por pressão Prevenção primária
