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Conciliação da vida pessoal com a vida profissional: a perspetiva das trabalhadoras e dos trabalhadores
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Abstract(s)
O estudo sobre a temática da conciliação entre a vida privada e a vida profissional é um tema tão atual, quanto recorrente, sendo que em Portugal podemos observar a sua importância e evolução. Assim, o tema central deste estudo é a conciliação entre as duas esferas com foco nas experiências das trabalhadoras e dos trabalhadores em Portugal. O trabalho analisa a perceção de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores que exercem diferentes funções na conciliação através das suas experiências pessoais pois, existem ainda, nos dias de hoje, muitos profissionais que se encontram perante muitos desafios na sua vida, quer sejam a nível pessoal/familiar como a nível laboral. O objetivo geral do trabalho é analisar as perspetivas das trabalhadoras e dos trabalhadores em conciliar as duas esferas, anteriormente mencionadas. Além disso, e como objetivos específicos, pretende-se caraterizar sociodemograficamente as entrevistadas e os entrevistados, analisar de que forma é utilizado o tempo diário dos inquiridos e os apoios que utilizam, e conhecer a perceção dos mesmos sobre as práticas organizacionais de conciliação. O enquadramento teórico baseia-se numa revisão da literatura sobre a emergência do tema, a importância da conciliação, e a caraterização histórica dos avanços que a conciliação foi ganhando nas sociedades e mercados de trabalho. Aborda as transformações socioculturais, económicas e estruturais que impulsionaram a mudança de mentalidades nas sociedades, e gerou, entre outros acontecimentos, a entrada massiva das mulheres no mercado de trabalho. A metodologia adotada é qualitativa, recorrendo a entrevistas semidiretivas a trabalhadoras e trabalhadores com diferentes responsabilidades hierárquicas e agregados familiares. Para o tratamento de dados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo. Constatou-se que a maioria das entrevistadas e entrevistados consideram, ou tentam fazer uma boa gestão do tempo da conciliação entre a vida privada e a vida profissional, o que demonstra uma preocupação comum dos inquiridos. Após a análise, concluímos que as mulheres, em comparação com os homens, praticam mais trabalho não remunerado, apesar de todos os inquiridos terem um trabalho remunerado. Entre a vida privada e a vida profissional, a área mais afetada, é a vida privada, no entanto, entendemos que, as empresas apostam cada vez mais em proporcionar o bem-estar físico e mental dos trabalhadores, sendo uma preocupação cada vez maior das organizações.
The study of the reconciliation between personal and professional life is a topic that is as current as it is recurring, and in Portugal, its importance and evolution are observed. Thus, the central theme of this study is the reconciliation between the two spheres, focusing on the experiences of female and male workers in Portugal. The study analyses the perception of women and men who perform different roles in reconciliation through their personal experiences, since, even today, many professionals face numerous challenges in their lives, whether at a personal, family level or in their professional life. The general aim of this research is to analyse the perspectives of female and male workers in reconciling the two spheres. In addition, as specific objectives, it aims to characterise the sociodemographic profiles of the interviewees, analyse how their daily time is used and the support they rely on, and understand their perception of organisational practices aimed at reconciliation. The theoretical framework is based on a literature review on the urgency of the topic, the importance of reconciliation, and a historical portrait of the progress made in this area in societies and labour markets. It addresses the sociocultural, economic, and structural transformations that have driven changes in societal mindsets, which have led, among other developments, to the massive entry of women into the labour market. The methodology used is qualitative, relying on semi-structured interviews with workers holding different hierarchical positions and family structures. Content analysis was used for data treatment. It was found that the majority of female and male interviewees consider, or try to achieve, good time management in balancing personal and professional life, which demonstrates a common concern among the respondents. After the analysis, we concluded that women, compared to men, perform more unpaid work, despite all respondents having paid jobs. Between personal and professional life, the most affected area is personal life. However, we understand that companies are increasingly investing in promoting the physical and mental well-being of their workers, which has become a growing concern for organisations.
The study of the reconciliation between personal and professional life is a topic that is as current as it is recurring, and in Portugal, its importance and evolution are observed. Thus, the central theme of this study is the reconciliation between the two spheres, focusing on the experiences of female and male workers in Portugal. The study analyses the perception of women and men who perform different roles in reconciliation through their personal experiences, since, even today, many professionals face numerous challenges in their lives, whether at a personal, family level or in their professional life. The general aim of this research is to analyse the perspectives of female and male workers in reconciling the two spheres. In addition, as specific objectives, it aims to characterise the sociodemographic profiles of the interviewees, analyse how their daily time is used and the support they rely on, and understand their perception of organisational practices aimed at reconciliation. The theoretical framework is based on a literature review on the urgency of the topic, the importance of reconciliation, and a historical portrait of the progress made in this area in societies and labour markets. It addresses the sociocultural, economic, and structural transformations that have driven changes in societal mindsets, which have led, among other developments, to the massive entry of women into the labour market. The methodology used is qualitative, relying on semi-structured interviews with workers holding different hierarchical positions and family structures. Content analysis was used for data treatment. It was found that the majority of female and male interviewees consider, or try to achieve, good time management in balancing personal and professional life, which demonstrates a common concern among the respondents. After the analysis, we concluded that women, compared to men, perform more unpaid work, despite all respondents having paid jobs. Between personal and professional life, the most affected area is personal life. However, we understand that companies are increasingly investing in promoting the physical and mental well-being of their workers, which has become a growing concern for organisations.
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Keywords
Conciliação entre a vida privada e a vida profissional Género Práticas organizacionais Work-life balance Gender Organizational practices