Loading...
Publication
Da alexitimia ao julgamento de emoções: o papel da teoria da sensibilidade ao reforço
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 483.7 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As emoções desempenham um papel determinante na vida dos indivíduos, moldando as suas experiências e comportamentos. Neste âmbito, a Alexitimia é um conceito utilizado em psicologia para descrever uma dificuldade característica em identificar, expressar, e processar emoções. Essas particularidades suscitaram a questão de essa condição poder refletir-se em padrões de comportamento. Nesse sentido, a Teoria da Sensibilidade ao Reforço sugere que as diferenças individuais no comportamento humano são determinadas por diferenças na sensibilidade à recompensa e à punição, a qual resulta do balanço de dois sistemas neurológicos: o Sistema de Inibição Comportamental (BIS) e o Sistema de Ativação Comportamental (BAS). Desta forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo explorar se os indivíduos com níveis elevados de Alexitimia têm um padrão distinto de sensibilidade ao reforço, comparativamente àqueles que têm níveis baixos. Para o efeito, foi aplicado um questionário online contendo a Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto (TAS-20; Taylor et al., 1992; Veríssimo, 2001) e a Escala BIS/BAS (Carver e White, 1994; Moreira et al., 2015) a uma amostra de 177 adultos, recrutados de forma não-aleatória, com idades entre os 20 e os 74 anos (M= 40.8, DP= 15.6), dos quais 144 mulheres. Análises descritivas e correlacionais indicaram que indivíduos com níveis elevados de alexitimia continuam a buscar reforço positivo, apesar das suas dificuldades emocionais, sem diferenças significativas nas subescalas BAS. Além disso, foi possivel identificar maior sensibilidade ao medo, mas não à ansiedade, especialmente entre as mulheres. Estes resultados fornecem evidências relevantes sobre a associação entre a experiência de alexitimia e a sensibilidade ao reforço. Estes resultados fornecem evidências relevantes sobre a associação entre a experiência de alexitimia e a sensibilidade ao reforço.
Emotions play a decisive role in people's lives, shaping their experiences and behaviour. In this context, Alexithymia is a concept used in psychology to describe a characteristic difficulty in identifying, expressing and processing emotions. These particularities have raised the question of whether this condition can be reflected in patterns of behaviour. In this sense, the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory suggests that individual differences in human behaviour are determined by differences in sensitivity to reward and punishment, which results from the balance of two neurological systems: the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) and the Behavioural Activation System (BAS). The aim of this study was to explore whether individuals with high levels of Alexithymia have a different pattern of sensitivity to reinforcement compared to those with low levels. To this end, an online questionnaire containing the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20; (TAS-20; Taylor et al., 1992; Veríssimo, 2001) and the BIS/BAS Scale (Carver e White, 1994; Moreira et al., 2015) was administered to a non-randomised sample of 177 adults aged between 20 and 74 (M= 40.8, SD= 15.6), 144 of whom were women. Descriptive and correlational analyses indicated that individuals with high levels of alexithymia continue to seek positive reinforcement despite their emotional difficulties, with no significant differences in the BAS subscales. In addition, they observed greater sensitivity to fear, but not to anxiety, especially among women. These results provide relevant evidence about the association between the experience of alexithymia and sensitivity to reinforcement.
Emotions play a decisive role in people's lives, shaping their experiences and behaviour. In this context, Alexithymia is a concept used in psychology to describe a characteristic difficulty in identifying, expressing and processing emotions. These particularities have raised the question of whether this condition can be reflected in patterns of behaviour. In this sense, the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory suggests that individual differences in human behaviour are determined by differences in sensitivity to reward and punishment, which results from the balance of two neurological systems: the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) and the Behavioural Activation System (BAS). The aim of this study was to explore whether individuals with high levels of Alexithymia have a different pattern of sensitivity to reinforcement compared to those with low levels. To this end, an online questionnaire containing the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20; (TAS-20; Taylor et al., 1992; Veríssimo, 2001) and the BIS/BAS Scale (Carver e White, 1994; Moreira et al., 2015) was administered to a non-randomised sample of 177 adults aged between 20 and 74 (M= 40.8, SD= 15.6), 144 of whom were women. Descriptive and correlational analyses indicated that individuals with high levels of alexithymia continue to seek positive reinforcement despite their emotional difficulties, with no significant differences in the BAS subscales. In addition, they observed greater sensitivity to fear, but not to anxiety, especially among women. These results provide relevant evidence about the association between the experience of alexithymia and sensitivity to reinforcement.
Description
Keywords
Alexitimia Sensibilidade ao reforço TAS-20 BIS/BAS Regulação emocional