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Quedas: Um Foco Obrigatório da Atenção de Enfermagem na População Idosa
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Abstract(s)
A qualidade de vida e bem-estar na população idosa é essencialmente percepcionada como
a capacidade funcional para a realização das AVD. Nesta fase da vida, as quedas são a principal causa de
perda de funcionalidade e independência, ainda que muitos dos factores de risco sejam potencialmente
modificáveis. Metodologia: Pretendemos descrever a realidade das quedas na população idosa portuguesa não
institucionalizada, integrando resultados de dois estudos. No estudo 1 participaram 763 mulheres caucasianas
com 60 ou mais anos, residentes em Portugal Continental, contactadas por telefone para avaliar quedas/fracturas
ocorridas nos três anos consecutivos à sua participação num rastreio de osteoporose. No estudo 2 participaram
95 idosos de ambos os sexos, internados num serviço de ortopedia, por fractura da anca. Seis meses após a alta
foram visitados em casa para avaliar as quedas e lesões associadas. Resultados: No estudo 1 constatou-se que 313
(41%) participantes caíram durante o período de 3 anos. 12,3% das mulheres sofreu pelo menos uma fractura
óssea. Quase metade destas mulheres relatou ter %cado com incapacidade para algumas AVD.
Nos seis meses após a alta, 26,3% dos idosos relataram ter caído pelo menos uma vez. Apesar da maioria das
quedas não produzir danos corporais graves, muitos idosos afirmam ter restringido a sua actividade. Seis meses
após a alta, 3/4 dos indivíduos consideram não ter recuperado ainda a sua funcionalidade prévia. Apesar de
91,6% dos indivíduos referirem ter tido em média 2,32 contactos nos 12 meses anteriores a fractura, apenas 17,
9% mencionaram ter recebido alguma orientação sobre prevenção de quedas. Em ambos os estudos a casa foi o
principal cenário onde ocorreram os eventos de quedas. Conclusões: Na população idosa não institucionalizada
as quedas são muito frequentes e ocorrem essencialmente no espaço habitacional. Após um evento de queda,
os idosos restringem substancialmente a sua actividade funcional. Contrariamente às recomendações das boas
práticas gerontogeriátricas, a prevenção de quedas na população sénior não constitui ainda uma área de atenção
prioritária nas práticas dos profissionais de saúde dos cuidados de saúde primários.
Quality of life and well-being among elderly population is essentially perceived as the functional capacity to perform daily living activities (ADL). At this stage in life falls are the main cause of functional and independency losses, although many of its risk factors can be changed. Methodology: We intend to describe Portuguese community-dwelling’ falls joining the results of two studies. Ge %rst study’ sample includes 763 Caucasian women aged 60 years or more, living in Continental Portugal, contacted by phone to evaluate falls and fractures suffered in the three years after their participation in an osteoporosis audit. Ge second study’ sample includes 95 community-dwelling old adults (both genders) aged 65 years or more, selected by consecutive admission in the orthopedics unit for a hip surgery due to falling. Six months aKer hospital discharge they were visited in their homes to evaluate falls and associated injuries. Results: In the first study, 313 (41%) women had falls during the 3 years period. 12,3% of the women suffered at least one fracture, and almost half of them mentioned inability in performing some DLA due to the fall. In the second, six months aKer hospital discharge, 26,3% of old persons mentioned at least one fall. Although the majority of falls didn’t lead to serious injuries, many old people stated they had limited their activity after falling. 75% of the old people assumed they didn’t recover their functionality six months after hospital discharge. Nevertheless, 91,6% of the sample had an average of 2,32 medical contacts in the 12 months before the hip fracture, only 17,9% mentioned having falls prevention awareness. In both studies falls occurred mainly at home. Conclusions: In community-dwelling old population falls are very frequent events and occur mainly at home. After falling, old adults tend to substantially limit their functional activity. Although being gerontology best practice fall monitoring is not a priority among primary healthcare professional’s practices
Quality of life and well-being among elderly population is essentially perceived as the functional capacity to perform daily living activities (ADL). At this stage in life falls are the main cause of functional and independency losses, although many of its risk factors can be changed. Methodology: We intend to describe Portuguese community-dwelling’ falls joining the results of two studies. Ge %rst study’ sample includes 763 Caucasian women aged 60 years or more, living in Continental Portugal, contacted by phone to evaluate falls and fractures suffered in the three years after their participation in an osteoporosis audit. Ge second study’ sample includes 95 community-dwelling old adults (both genders) aged 65 years or more, selected by consecutive admission in the orthopedics unit for a hip surgery due to falling. Six months aKer hospital discharge they were visited in their homes to evaluate falls and associated injuries. Results: In the first study, 313 (41%) women had falls during the 3 years period. 12,3% of the women suffered at least one fracture, and almost half of them mentioned inability in performing some DLA due to the fall. In the second, six months aKer hospital discharge, 26,3% of old persons mentioned at least one fall. Although the majority of falls didn’t lead to serious injuries, many old people stated they had limited their activity after falling. 75% of the old people assumed they didn’t recover their functionality six months after hospital discharge. Nevertheless, 91,6% of the sample had an average of 2,32 medical contacts in the 12 months before the hip fracture, only 17,9% mentioned having falls prevention awareness. In both studies falls occurred mainly at home. Conclusions: In community-dwelling old population falls are very frequent events and occur mainly at home. After falling, old adults tend to substantially limit their functional activity. Although being gerontology best practice fall monitoring is not a priority among primary healthcare professional’s practices
Description
Keywords
Idosos Quedas
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto