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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A segurança à semelhança de outros sistemas sociotécnicos no domínio da navegação marítima, está intrinsecamente relacionada ao elemento humano. No âmbito da segurança da navegação, é fundamental compreender os fatores que influenciam a tomada de decisão, a perceção e o comportamento dos indivíduos. A suposição explícita é que, sem humanos na ponte, o “erro humano” desaparecerá. O papel do elemento humano em sistemas sociotécnicos complexos está em constante transformação. O “Estudo da interação entre navios convencionais e navios autónomos” foi objetivado para compreender esses fatores perante a presença, ou não, de navios autónomos.
De forma a conseguir corresponder a todos os objetivos, realizou-se uma fundamentação teórica, onde se abordou o conceito de navios autónomos, os níveis de autonomia e os riscos associados aos navios autónomos. De seguida, efetuou-se uma abordagem ao erro humano, à tomada de decisão e à confiança, juntamente com os fatores que afetam a confiança na automação. Como metodologia, este estudo está sustentado em dados recolhidos através de questionários distribuídos através da plataforma SurveyMonkey e um jogo de cenários simulados coadjuvados com o software Matrix LABoratory (MATLAB), que respondem às perguntas orientadoras. De seguida, utilizando o SPSS 21, procedeu-se a uma análise exploratória de dados.
Com o presente estudo pôde concluir-se que, a introdução dos navios autónomos no domínio marítimo altera: o comportamento dos navegantes; o quadro regulamentar, por exemplo o RIEAM, e a futura formação dos navegantes.
The security associated to the resemblance of other sociotechnical systems in the domain of maritime navigation, is essentially related to the human element. When it comes to the security of navigation, it is fundamental to understand the factors that influence decision making, perception and behavior of the individuals. It is assumed that without humans in control, the “Human Error” will disappear. The role of the human element in complex sociotechnical systems is in constant transformation. The “Study of interaction between conventional vessels and autonomous vessels” was created with the goal of understanding these factors in the presence, or not, of autonomous vessels. In order to achieve all the objectives, a theoretical foundation was created where the concept of autonomous vessels, levels of autonomy and the risks associated to autonomous vessels were addressed. Subsequently, it was taken into account: human error, decision making and confidence, along with the factors that affect the confidence in the automation. Just like methodology, this study is sustained to data acquired through questionnaires distributed through the SurveyMonkey platform and through a game of simulated scenarios assisted with the software Matrix LABoratory (MATLAB), resources which answer fundamental questions. Then, using the SPSS 21, an exploratory data analysis was carried out. With the present study it was possible to conclude that the introduction of autonomous vessels in the maritime domain changes: the behavior of navigators; the regulatory framework, for example – RIEAM; and the future formation of navigators.
The security associated to the resemblance of other sociotechnical systems in the domain of maritime navigation, is essentially related to the human element. When it comes to the security of navigation, it is fundamental to understand the factors that influence decision making, perception and behavior of the individuals. It is assumed that without humans in control, the “Human Error” will disappear. The role of the human element in complex sociotechnical systems is in constant transformation. The “Study of interaction between conventional vessels and autonomous vessels” was created with the goal of understanding these factors in the presence, or not, of autonomous vessels. In order to achieve all the objectives, a theoretical foundation was created where the concept of autonomous vessels, levels of autonomy and the risks associated to autonomous vessels were addressed. Subsequently, it was taken into account: human error, decision making and confidence, along with the factors that affect the confidence in the automation. Just like methodology, this study is sustained to data acquired through questionnaires distributed through the SurveyMonkey platform and through a game of simulated scenarios assisted with the software Matrix LABoratory (MATLAB), resources which answer fundamental questions. Then, using the SPSS 21, an exploratory data analysis was carried out. With the present study it was possible to conclude that the introduction of autonomous vessels in the maritime domain changes: the behavior of navigators; the regulatory framework, for example – RIEAM; and the future formation of navigators.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Confiança MASS. Navios autónomos Segurança Tomada de decisão