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Impacto do Treino de Placagens na Atividade Muscular do Complexo Articular do Ombro em Atletas de Rugby: Análise Eletromiográfica
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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: no rugby, a placagem representa o gesto técnico com maior risco de lesão. O impacto das lesões no ombro devido ao trauma, poderá comprometer a estabilidade do complexo articular do ombro, ao diminuir a intensidade e o tempo de ativação dos estabilizadores dinâmicos. A eletromiografia é utilizada na avaliação da atividade muscular do ombro, relacionando-a com a realização de placagens em atletas de rugby. Pouco se sabe quanto à influência do trauma associado ao gesto na intensidade de ativação muscular. Objetivo: investigar o impacto da placagem no comportamento motor do complexo articular do ombro, de forma a perceber a influência do trauma repetido na qualidade da contração muscular, na intensidade e tempo de ativação dos estabilizadores dinâmicos da articulação. Métodos: estudo observacional analítico longitudinal; foram avaliados 31 atletas de rugby, antes e após a realização de placagens em contexto normal de treino. Utilizou-se a eletromiografia de superfície para avaliar a atividade muscular (intensidade e tempo de ativação) dos músculos Trapézio Superior, Trapézio Inferior, Grande Dentado e Deltóide Anterior. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos mostram que a realização repetitiva de placagens diminui a intensidade de ativação muscular ao nível do TS, TI, GD e DA na Atividade Balística, e aumenta a intensidade de ativação dos músculos avaliados na Atividade Lenta. Verificou-se um aumento do tempo de ativação após a realização de placagens, em ambas as atividades. Conclusões: As alterações verificadas indicam o impacto do treino de placagens no comportamento motor do CAO, com alterações na resposta muscular e na capacidade propriocetiva, condicionando a estabilidade dinâmica da articulação e aumentando a suscetibilidade a lesões. Este estudo fornece informação importante e útil para a intervenção da fisioterapia na melhoria da estabilidade dinâmica do complexo articular do ombro, prevenindo lesões associadas à prática do rugby.
Backgroud: rugby tackle represents the event with the highest risk of injury. The impact of shoulder injuries due to trauma during tackle can compromise the stability of the shoulder joint by decreasing the activity of dynamic stabilizers. Surface electromyography has been used to evaluate the muscular activity of the shoulder joint complex, and its relationship with tackling in rugby athletes. However, little is known about the influence of the repeated trauma in the intensity of muscle activation. The present study aims to assess the impact of tackling on muscle activity of the shoulder joint, in order to understand the influence of repeated trauma in muscle activation patterns, such as intensity and onset timing of the dynamic stabilizers. Methods: longitudinal analytical observational study; 31 rugby athletes were assessed, before and after performing tackles during normal training sessions. Surface EMG was used to assess muscle activity (intensity and onset timing) of the Superior Trapezius, Inferior Trapezius, Anterior Serratus, and Anterior Deltoid muscles. Results: this study shows decreased intensity activation in Ballistic Activity and increased during Slow Activity, after tackling. There is an increase in muscles activation time in both evaluated activities, after tackling. Conclusions: Changes indicate the impact of tackling training on the motor control of the shoulder complex, with modifications in the muscular response and sensorimotor system deficits, decreasing the dynamic stability of the joint and increasing the susceptibility to injuries. This study provides important and useful information for physiotherapy interventions aiming to improve the dynamic stability of the shoulder joint complex, this way preventing injuries associated with rugby practice.
Backgroud: rugby tackle represents the event with the highest risk of injury. The impact of shoulder injuries due to trauma during tackle can compromise the stability of the shoulder joint by decreasing the activity of dynamic stabilizers. Surface electromyography has been used to evaluate the muscular activity of the shoulder joint complex, and its relationship with tackling in rugby athletes. However, little is known about the influence of the repeated trauma in the intensity of muscle activation. The present study aims to assess the impact of tackling on muscle activity of the shoulder joint, in order to understand the influence of repeated trauma in muscle activation patterns, such as intensity and onset timing of the dynamic stabilizers. Methods: longitudinal analytical observational study; 31 rugby athletes were assessed, before and after performing tackles during normal training sessions. Surface EMG was used to assess muscle activity (intensity and onset timing) of the Superior Trapezius, Inferior Trapezius, Anterior Serratus, and Anterior Deltoid muscles. Results: this study shows decreased intensity activation in Ballistic Activity and increased during Slow Activity, after tackling. There is an increase in muscles activation time in both evaluated activities, after tackling. Conclusions: Changes indicate the impact of tackling training on the motor control of the shoulder complex, with modifications in the muscular response and sensorimotor system deficits, decreasing the dynamic stability of the joint and increasing the susceptibility to injuries. This study provides important and useful information for physiotherapy interventions aiming to improve the dynamic stability of the shoulder joint complex, this way preventing injuries associated with rugby practice.
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Keywords
Rugby Placagem Ombro Atividade Muscular Estabilidade Dinâmica EMG Rugby tackling Shoulder Muscular activity Dynamic stability