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Publication
A Guarda Nacional Republicana no pós-25 de abril
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Abstract(s)
A página da história contemporânea de Portugal do presente estudo, alude à redistribuição fundiária em Portugal pós-25 de abril de 1974, popularmente designada por reforma agrária, um processo conturbado e longo que despertou o interesse da sociedade portuguesa desde então.
A investigação tem por objetivo analisar a atuação da Guarda Nacional Republicana, no período entre 20 de abril de 1976 e 28 de setembro de 1983, nas ações de entrega de terras decorrentes do processo da reforma agrária, na região da Zona de Intervenção da Reforma Agrária. Discriminadamente, pretende-se caracterizar o contexto histórico da reforma agrária, descrever a atuação da Guarda Nacional Republicana no processo, localizar as zonas e identificar os períodos de maior e menor incidência de atuação, e dissecar o contributo da Guarda Nacional Republicana no processo da reforma agrária.
A essência lógica deste estudo é o método indutivo. A investigação parte de dados particulares, para descobrir relações entre eles, com o desígnio de conceber uma lei geral. Portanto, privilegia-se uma abordagem quantitativa que fornece resultados concretos. Sobre a estrutura, o relatório científico contém uma fase exploratória, uma fase analítica e uma fase conclusiva. A investigação segue uma pesquisa documental e um tratamento de materiais primários, que culmina num corpo organizado de conhecimento sobre a intervenção da Guarda Nacional Republicana, na reforma agrária.
Do novo conhecimento sublinha-se: cerca de metade dos casos ocorreram em 1980, preenchendo grande parte da Zona de Intervenção da Reforma Agrária, com incidência no centro do Alentejo; 93,34 % dos casos foram para estabelecer condições de segurança para os técnicos do Ministério da Agricultura e Pescas procedessem às entregas, maioritariamente de terras; em 94,55 % dos casos não se verificou resistência de forças externas à Guarda Nacional Republicana; e registam-se 2,53 % de casos com incidentes.
No fundo, a investigação revela que num dos momentos mais críticos da história contemporânea de Portugal, abarcado por um teatro de operações que se reconhece como complexo, porventura de interesses antagónicos, foi a Guarda Nacional Republicana que garantiu a condução do processo para a estabilidade desejada, contribuindo assim, para a consolidação da democracia em Portugal.
The page of the contemporary history of Portugal in the present study refers to the land redistribution in Portugal after April 25, 1974, popularly known as agrarian reform, a long and troubled process that has aroused the interest of Portuguese society ever since. The objective of the investigation is to analyze the actions of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the period between April 20, 1976 and September 28, 1983, in the land surrender actions resulting from the agrarian reform process in the region of the Agrarian Reform Intervention Zone. Discriminately, it is intended to characterize the historical context of the agrarian reform, to describe the role of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the process, to locate the zones and to identify the periods of greatest and least incidence of action, and to dissect the contribution of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the agrarian reform process. The logical essence of this study is the inductive method. The investigation starts from private data, to discover relations between them, with the intention of conceiving a general law. Therefore, a quantitative approach is preferred, which provides concrete results. On the structure, the scientific report contains an exploratory phase, an analytical phase and a concluding phase. The investigation follows a documentary research and a treatment of primary materials, culminating in an organized body of knowledge about the intervention of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the agrarian reform. Of the new knowledge it is underlined: about half of the cases occurred in 1980, filling a large part of the Agrarian Reform Intervention Zone, with incidence in the center of the Alentejo; 93.34% of the cases were to establish security conditions for the technicians of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries to proceed to the deliveries, mainly of land; in 94.55% of the cases there was no resistance from external forces to the Guarda Nacional Republicana; and 2.53% of cases with incidents. Basically, the investigation reveals that in one of the most critical moments of contemporary Portuguese history, encompassed by a theater of operations that recognizes itself as complex, perhaps of confliting interests, it was the Guarda Nacional Republicana that guaranteed the process to the desired stability, contributing thus, for the consolidation of democracy in Portugal.
The page of the contemporary history of Portugal in the present study refers to the land redistribution in Portugal after April 25, 1974, popularly known as agrarian reform, a long and troubled process that has aroused the interest of Portuguese society ever since. The objective of the investigation is to analyze the actions of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the period between April 20, 1976 and September 28, 1983, in the land surrender actions resulting from the agrarian reform process in the region of the Agrarian Reform Intervention Zone. Discriminately, it is intended to characterize the historical context of the agrarian reform, to describe the role of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the process, to locate the zones and to identify the periods of greatest and least incidence of action, and to dissect the contribution of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the agrarian reform process. The logical essence of this study is the inductive method. The investigation starts from private data, to discover relations between them, with the intention of conceiving a general law. Therefore, a quantitative approach is preferred, which provides concrete results. On the structure, the scientific report contains an exploratory phase, an analytical phase and a concluding phase. The investigation follows a documentary research and a treatment of primary materials, culminating in an organized body of knowledge about the intervention of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in the agrarian reform. Of the new knowledge it is underlined: about half of the cases occurred in 1980, filling a large part of the Agrarian Reform Intervention Zone, with incidence in the center of the Alentejo; 93.34% of the cases were to establish security conditions for the technicians of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries to proceed to the deliveries, mainly of land; in 94.55% of the cases there was no resistance from external forces to the Guarda Nacional Republicana; and 2.53% of cases with incidents. Basically, the investigation reveals that in one of the most critical moments of contemporary Portuguese history, encompassed by a theater of operations that recognizes itself as complex, perhaps of confliting interests, it was the Guarda Nacional Republicana that guaranteed the process to the desired stability, contributing thus, for the consolidation of democracy in Portugal.
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Keywords
Reforma agrária Guarda Nacional Republicana História contemporânea de Portugal Segurança Democracia