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Ansiedade, estratégias de coping e perceção de impacto na performance de atletas portugueses de alto rendimento de modalidades individuais: uma análise qualitativa
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Abstract(s)
Foi desenvolvido um estudo observacional qualitativo com um desenho transversal com o objetivo de descrever a perceção que atletas portugueses de alto rendimento de modalidades individuais têm do impacto da ansiedade e das estratégias de coping na sua performance, pretendendo acrescentar alguma informação que se encontra em falta nos estudos quantitativos. Realizaram-se sete entrevistas a atletas das modalidades de atletismo, esgrima, judo, karaté, natação e surf, com idades entre os 18 e os 26 anos. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que, para cinco atletas, a ansiedade apresenta um impacto negativo na sua performance, enquanto que dois atletas consideram que a ansiedade em níveis moderados pode ser saudável e benéfica para o rendimento. Verificou-se também que a utilização das estratégias de coping (focadas no problema e na emoção) tem um impacto positivo na performance, mas, em situações de elevados níveis de ansiedade, os atletas, embora utilizem estratégias de coping, têm a perceção de que apresentam normalmente um pior rendimento em competição.
It was developed a qualitative observational study with a cross-sectional design in order to describe the perception that Portuguese high-performance athletes of individual modalities have of the impact of anxiety and coping strategies on their performance, information that is lacking in quantitative studies. Seven interviews were conducted with athletes from athletics, fencing, judo, karate, swimming and surfing, aged between 18 and 26 years. The results suggest that for five athletes, anxiety has a negative impact on their performance, while two athletes consider that anxiety at moderate levels can be healthy and beneficial for performance. It was also found that the use of coping strategies (focused on the problem and emotion) has a positive impact on performance, but in situations of high levels of anxiety, athletes, although using coping strategies, have the perception that they usually have a worse performance in competition.
It was developed a qualitative observational study with a cross-sectional design in order to describe the perception that Portuguese high-performance athletes of individual modalities have of the impact of anxiety and coping strategies on their performance, information that is lacking in quantitative studies. Seven interviews were conducted with athletes from athletics, fencing, judo, karate, swimming and surfing, aged between 18 and 26 years. The results suggest that for five athletes, anxiety has a negative impact on their performance, while two athletes consider that anxiety at moderate levels can be healthy and beneficial for performance. It was also found that the use of coping strategies (focused on the problem and emotion) has a positive impact on performance, but in situations of high levels of anxiety, athletes, although using coping strategies, have the perception that they usually have a worse performance in competition.
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Ansiedade Estratégias de coping Performance