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Multimodality Imaging In The Assessment Of Dogs With Pericardial Effusion
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Abstract(s)
Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo avaliar a utilidade e eficácia das técnicas de imagem
multimodalidade na avaliação de cães com efusão pericárdica. Ao analisar a literatura existente, este
estudo busca fornecer insights sobre as ventagens e limitações de várias modalidades de imagem,
incluindo ecocardiografia, radiografia, tomografia computadorizada e tomografia computadorizada
multidetetores com contraste na diagnóstico, caracterização e maneio da efusão pericárdica em cães.
Isso contribui para uma melhor precisão diagnóstica e resultados de tratamento em cardiologia
veterinária. A efusão pericárdica representa uma ameaça significativa devido à sua potencial
progressão para estados que ameaçam a vida, destacando a importância de um diagnóstico preciso e
oportuno para intervenção rápida. A pericardiocentese serve como um tratamento vital de primeira
linha, destacando a necessidade de uma abordagem diagnóstica completa para fornecer informações
prognósticas cruciais para decisões de tratamento. Técnicas de imagem desempenham um papel
crucial no maneio de efusões pericárdicas em cães, oferecendo perspetivas únicas que permitem aos
veterinários estabelecer diagnósticos precisos e determinar intervenções terapêuticas apropriadas. A
ecocardiografia transtorácica e o ultrassom cardíaco focalizado surgem como métodos de imagem
primários, com a ecocardiografia transtorácica fornecendo avaliações cardíacas detalhadas não
invasivas, incluindo confirmação de diagnóstico, identificação de causas potenciais e orientação para
pericardiocentese. A radiografia serve como uma opção valiosa e económica, especialmente para
casos crónicos ou de progressão lenta. No entanto, o ultrassom e a radiografia isoladamente podem
ser insuficientes para diagnóstico preciso devido à sensibilidade variável e incapacidade de avaliar
anormalidades associadas. Técnicas de imagem avançadas como tomografia computadorizada,
tomografia computadorizada multidetetores e ressonância magnética cardíaca oferecem sensibilidade
aumentada na detecão de casos de efusão pericárdica e avaliação de anormalidades associadas. A
integração de técnicas de imagem avançadas como ferramentas complementares aos métodos
tradicionais poderia melhorar significativamente o arsenal diagnóstico para avaliação de efusão
pericárdica em cães. Pesquisas futuras devem se concentrar em abordar lacunas entre medicina
humana e veterinária para refinar abordagens de tratamento e melhorar resultados para cães com
esta condição.
This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the utility and efficacy of multimodality imaging techniques in the assessment of dogs with pericardial effusion. By analyzing existing literature, this study seeks to provide insights into the strengths and limitations of various imaging modalities, including echocardiography, radiography, computed tomography, and contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography in diagnosing, characterizing, and managing pericardial effusion in dogs. Ultimately, this contributes to improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes in veterinary cardiology. Pericardial effusion poses a significant threat due to its potential progression to life-threatening states, underscoring the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis for prompt intervention. Pericardiocentesis serves as a vital first-line treatment, highlighting the necessity of a thorough diagnostic approach to provide prognostic information crucial for treatment decisions. Imaging techniques play a crucial role in managing pericardial effusions in dogs, offering unique perspectives that allow veterinarians to establish accurate diagnoses and determine appropriate therapeutic interventions. Transthoracic echocardiography and focused cardiac ultrasound emerge as primary imaging methods, with transthoracic echocardiography providing detailed non-invasive cardiac evaluations, including confirmation of diagnosis, identification of potential causes, and guidance for pericardiocentesis. Radiography serves as a valuable, cost-effective option, particularly for chronic or slowly progressing cases. However, ultrasound and radiography alone may be insufficient for precise diagnosis due to variable sensitivity and inability to evaluate associated abnormalities. Advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography, multi-detector computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging offer heightened sensitivity in detecting pericardial effusion cases and assessing associated abnormalities. Integration of advanced imaging techniques as complementary tools to traditional methods could significantly enhance the diagnostic armamentarium for pericardial effusion assessment in dogs. Future research should focus on addressing gaps between human and veterinary medicine to refine treatment approaches and improve outcomes for dogs with this condition.
This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the utility and efficacy of multimodality imaging techniques in the assessment of dogs with pericardial effusion. By analyzing existing literature, this study seeks to provide insights into the strengths and limitations of various imaging modalities, including echocardiography, radiography, computed tomography, and contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography in diagnosing, characterizing, and managing pericardial effusion in dogs. Ultimately, this contributes to improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes in veterinary cardiology. Pericardial effusion poses a significant threat due to its potential progression to life-threatening states, underscoring the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis for prompt intervention. Pericardiocentesis serves as a vital first-line treatment, highlighting the necessity of a thorough diagnostic approach to provide prognostic information crucial for treatment decisions. Imaging techniques play a crucial role in managing pericardial effusions in dogs, offering unique perspectives that allow veterinarians to establish accurate diagnoses and determine appropriate therapeutic interventions. Transthoracic echocardiography and focused cardiac ultrasound emerge as primary imaging methods, with transthoracic echocardiography providing detailed non-invasive cardiac evaluations, including confirmation of diagnosis, identification of potential causes, and guidance for pericardiocentesis. Radiography serves as a valuable, cost-effective option, particularly for chronic or slowly progressing cases. However, ultrasound and radiography alone may be insufficient for precise diagnosis due to variable sensitivity and inability to evaluate associated abnormalities. Advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography, multi-detector computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging offer heightened sensitivity in detecting pericardial effusion cases and assessing associated abnormalities. Integration of advanced imaging techniques as complementary tools to traditional methods could significantly enhance the diagnostic armamentarium for pericardial effusion assessment in dogs. Future research should focus on addressing gaps between human and veterinary medicine to refine treatment approaches and improve outcomes for dogs with this condition.
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Keywords
Cães Efusão Pericárdica Diagnóstico Imagem Multimodal Dogs Pericardial Effusion Diagnosis Multimodality Imaging