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Adaptações necessárias ao tratamento dentário em pacientes com doença de Behçet
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A doença de Behçet, descoberta pelo dermatologista Hulusi Behçet em 1937, é uma vasculite sistêmica, ou seja, uma inflamação rara e auto-inflamatória dos vasos sanguíneos, caracterizada principalmente pela presença de úlceras orais e genitais, além de manifestações oculares, cutâneas e articulares.
É uma doença que se apresenta de forma mais grave em homens jovens, apesar de afetar igualmente homens e mulheres. Ainda existem muitas incertezas sobre as causas da doença, mas acredita-se que ela seja resultado de uma resposta imunológica anormal em indivíduos geneticamente predispostos.
Começaremos por analisar o que se sabe atualmente sobre a doença, uma vez que, nos últimos 10 anos, foram realizados numerosos estudos sobre o assunto que permitiram esclarecer certas zonas cinzentas da doença.
Isto é particularmente verdade a nível genético, com a associação do gene HLA-B51, e a nível bioquímico, com a descoberta de certas citocinas que contribuem para o desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos.
Em segundo lugar, analisaremos o impacto da doença na saúde oral, uma vez que estudos recentes evidenciaram a relação entre a doença e a saúde periodontal.
Além disso, o papel desempenhado pelos dentistas na deteção precoce desta síndrome é muito importante, pelo que iremos estudar as novas diretrizes nacionais para o diagnóstico da doença.
Os dentistas desempenham um papel fundamental, uma vez que as úlceras orais são um dos primeiros sintomas da doença. Os doentes afectados são frequentemente submetidos a tratamentos bastante pesados que podem ter um impacto na saúde oral e na prescrição de novos medicamentos, nomeadamente devido a interações. A toma de imunossupressores como os glucocorticóides tem consequências para a cavidade oral.
O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão da literatura para destacar os últimos avanços e descobertas da doença, a fim de compreender melhor esta doença e permitir aos dentistas reagir da melhor forma possível quando confrontados com um paciente portador da doença.
Behçet's disease, discovered by dermatologist Hulusi Behçet, is a systemic vasculitis, meaning a rare and auto-inflammatory inflammation of blood vessels. It is mainly characterized by the presence of oral and genital ulcers, as well as ocular, cutaneous, and articular manifestations. It is a disease that manifests more severely in young men, despite affecting both men and women equally. There are still many uncertainties regarding the causes of the disease, but it is believed to result from an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. We will begin by analyzing the current knowledge about the disease, as numerous studies have been conducted over the past 10 years, helping to clarify certain gray areas of the condition. This is particularly true at the genetic level, with the association of the HLA-B51 gene, and at the biochemical level, with the role of certain cytokines contributing to the development of new treatments such as Apremilast. Secondly, we will analyze the impact of the disease on oral health, as recent studies have highlighted the relationship between Behçet’s disease and periodontal health. Moreover, the role of dentists in the early detection of this syndrome is crucial, which is why we will examine the new national guidelines for diagnosing the disease. Dentists play a fundamental role, as oral ulcers are one of the first symptoms of the disease. Affected patients often undergo intensive treatments, which can impact oral health and the prescription of new medications, particularly due to drug interactions. The use of immunosuppressants such as glucocorticoids has consequences for the oral cavity. The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review to highlight the latest advances and discoveries about Behçet's disease, in order to better understand this condition and enable dentists to respond in the best possible way when faced with a patient affected by the disease.
Behçet's disease, discovered by dermatologist Hulusi Behçet, is a systemic vasculitis, meaning a rare and auto-inflammatory inflammation of blood vessels. It is mainly characterized by the presence of oral and genital ulcers, as well as ocular, cutaneous, and articular manifestations. It is a disease that manifests more severely in young men, despite affecting both men and women equally. There are still many uncertainties regarding the causes of the disease, but it is believed to result from an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. We will begin by analyzing the current knowledge about the disease, as numerous studies have been conducted over the past 10 years, helping to clarify certain gray areas of the condition. This is particularly true at the genetic level, with the association of the HLA-B51 gene, and at the biochemical level, with the role of certain cytokines contributing to the development of new treatments such as Apremilast. Secondly, we will analyze the impact of the disease on oral health, as recent studies have highlighted the relationship between Behçet’s disease and periodontal health. Moreover, the role of dentists in the early detection of this syndrome is crucial, which is why we will examine the new national guidelines for diagnosing the disease. Dentists play a fundamental role, as oral ulcers are one of the first symptoms of the disease. Affected patients often undergo intensive treatments, which can impact oral health and the prescription of new medications, particularly due to drug interactions. The use of immunosuppressants such as glucocorticoids has consequences for the oral cavity. The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review to highlight the latest advances and discoveries about Behçet's disease, in order to better understand this condition and enable dentists to respond in the best possible way when faced with a patient affected by the disease.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Doença de Behçet Vasculite Diagnóstico Úlcera