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Maus-tratos infantis, o papel do médico dentista
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| 1.18 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
As crianças podem estar expostas a vários tipos de maus-tratos que se manifestam na boca e que podem ser identificados pelos médicos dentistas. Estes necessitam estar cientes de como avaliar e abordar esses sinais, dado que estes são de report obrigatório. Desde a sua primeira visita, por volta de 1 a 2 anos, até a idade adulta, a criança é levada para visita regularmente ao consultório para realizar check-ups e tratamentos, se necessário. Esta posição privilegiada do médico dentista permite um contato próximo e contínuo com as crianças, especialmente a nível físico, psicológico e comportamental.
Os maus-tratos incluem agressão física, abusos sexuais, abusos psicológicos e negligência oral. Não existem muitos relatos médicos, embora os estudos relatem que as regiões mais afetadas são o crânio, o pescoço e a oro-facial, admitindo-se que cerca de 50% das lesões abusivas sejam oro-faciais.
Os maus-tratos podem ter consequências graves para crianças e adolescentes, quando observados devem ser reportados ao Ministério Público e às Comissões de Proteção de Crianças e Jovens, no superior interesse da criança, de acordo com o consagrado na Constituição da República Portuguesa.
Apesar da alta frequência dos maus-tratos em crianças, uma grande percentagem de médicos-dentistas diz-se incapaz de reconhecer e agir por diferentes motivos, a maioria das vezes porque não sabem quem contatar, qual é a responsabilidade na denúncia e a dificuldade em fazer o diagnóstico correto pode impedir esses relatos.
Children can be exposed to various types of maltreatment that manifest in the mouth and can be identified by dentists. Dentists need to be aware of how to evaluate and address these signs, as reporting is mandatory. From their first visit, around 1 to 2 years old, until adulthood, children are regularly taken to the dental office for check-ups and treatments if necessary. This privileged position of the dentist allows for close and continuous contact with children, especially on a physical, psychological, and behavioral level. Maltreatment includes physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, and oral neglect. Although there are not many medical reports, studies indicate that the most affected areas are the skull, neck, and orofacial regions, with about 50% of abusive injuries being orofacial. Maltreatment can have serious consequences for children and adolescents. When observed, it must be reported to the Public Prosecutor's Office and the Child Protection Commissions, in the best interest of the child, as enshrined in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic. Despite the high frequency of child maltreatment, a large percentage of dentists feel incapable of recognizing and acting for various reasons, most often because they do not know who to contact, what their responsibility is in reporting, and the difficulty in making the correct diagnosis can prevent these reports.
Children can be exposed to various types of maltreatment that manifest in the mouth and can be identified by dentists. Dentists need to be aware of how to evaluate and address these signs, as reporting is mandatory. From their first visit, around 1 to 2 years old, until adulthood, children are regularly taken to the dental office for check-ups and treatments if necessary. This privileged position of the dentist allows for close and continuous contact with children, especially on a physical, psychological, and behavioral level. Maltreatment includes physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, and oral neglect. Although there are not many medical reports, studies indicate that the most affected areas are the skull, neck, and orofacial regions, with about 50% of abusive injuries being orofacial. Maltreatment can have serious consequences for children and adolescents. When observed, it must be reported to the Public Prosecutor's Office and the Child Protection Commissions, in the best interest of the child, as enshrined in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic. Despite the high frequency of child maltreatment, a large percentage of dentists feel incapable of recognizing and acting for various reasons, most often because they do not know who to contact, what their responsibility is in reporting, and the difficulty in making the correct diagnosis can prevent these reports.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Maus-tratos infantis Papel do médico-dentista Manifestações oro-faciais Sinalização