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Abstract(s)
A importância das cartas náuticas para garantir a segurança da navegação encontra-se ligada à confiabilidade dos dados nelas contidos. De forma a manter a segurança nos canais de navegação tipicamente usados, é necessário priorizar zonas de forma a rentabilizar os levantamentos realizados. Para cumprir com este objetivo é necessário identificar zonas críticas e definir as necessidades que cada zona apresenta, relativamente à ordem e frequência de levantamentos hidrográficos.
Neste trabalho foi adaptado o Hydrographic Health Model, utilizado pela NOAA, que tem como objetivo maximizar o retorno hidrográfico dos levantamentos, permitindo uma melhor gestão dos meios hidrográficos. O trabalho centrou-se no porto de Lisboa, composto por vários terminais de carga, de cruzeiros e de ferries, apresentando também duas barras de entrada. Inicialmente, foi realizada uma análise a dados obtidos por Automatic Identification System, que permitiu a criação de um mapa de densidades e um mapa onde é possível localizar as zonas onde os navios navegam com menor resguardo ao fundo, identificando desta forma zonas críticas para a segurança da navegação. Foram depois efetuadas análises ao modelo batimétrico da área de estudo, a todos os levantamentos realizados pelo Instituto Hidrográfico na área, às zonas de confiança em vigor nas cartas eletrónicas de navegação, e por último à natureza do fundo. Todas estas análises serviram como base para o cálculo do Hydrographic Gap, um método capaz de medir as diferenças entre a distribuição espacial ideal das zonas de confiança e a distribuição espacial existente. Este cálculo teve como inputs a idade dos levantamentos, bem como o coeficiente de decaimento. Não tendo estes valores, foi necessário estimar um valor que nos permitisse identificar o decaimento da área. Deste modo, foi criado um modelo, utilizando os levantamentos realizados pelo Instituto Hidrográfico na Barra Sul do Rio Tejo, que permitisse a medição das alterações do fundo. Com este cálculo realizado foi criado um mapa, que permite a visualização do Hydrographic Gap na área de estudo.
Com todas estas informações foi realizada uma análise crítica dos dados recolhidos, sendo posteriormente realizadas recomendações acerca do tempo útil das zonas de confiança, bem como as zonas que poderiam beneficiar de uma ordem de levantamento superior.
The importance of nautical charts in ensuring navigation safety is closely tied to the data’s reliability. To maintain safety in commonly used navigation channels, it is necessary to prioritize areas to optimize the surveys conducted. To achieve this goal, it is essential to identify critical zones and define the specific requirements for each zone concerning the order and frequency of hydrographic surveys. In this study, the Hydrographic Health Model, as utilized by NOAA, was adapted to maximize the hydrographic return on surveys, thereby enabling better management of hydrographic resources. The focus of this work was on the port of Lisbon, which comprises multiple cargo terminals, cruise terminals, and ferry terminals, as well as two entrance bars. Initially, an analysis was conducted using data obtained from the Automatic Identification System, which facilitated the creation of a density map and a map pinpointing areas where vessels navigate with less clearance to the seabed, thus identifying critical zones for navigation safety. Subsequent analyses were carried out on the bathymetric model of the study area, all surveys conducted by the Hydrographic Institute in the area, the existing confidence zones in electronic navigation charts, and finally, the nature of the seabed. All these analyses served as the foundation for calculating the Hydrographic Gap, a method capable of measuring the differences between the ideal spatial distribution of confidence zones and the existing spatial distribution. This calculation incorporated the age of the surveys as well as the decay coefficient. In the absence of these values, it was necessary to estimate a value to identify the decay in the area. Consequently, a model was created using surveys conducted by the Hydrographic Institute in the South Bar of the Tagus River, allowing for the measurement of seabed changes. With this calculation completed, a map was generated, enabling visualization of the Hydrographic Gap in the study area. Based on all this information, a critical analysis of the collected data was conducted, followed by recommendations regarding the effective lifespan of confidence zones and the zones that could benefit from a higher survey priority.
The importance of nautical charts in ensuring navigation safety is closely tied to the data’s reliability. To maintain safety in commonly used navigation channels, it is necessary to prioritize areas to optimize the surveys conducted. To achieve this goal, it is essential to identify critical zones and define the specific requirements for each zone concerning the order and frequency of hydrographic surveys. In this study, the Hydrographic Health Model, as utilized by NOAA, was adapted to maximize the hydrographic return on surveys, thereby enabling better management of hydrographic resources. The focus of this work was on the port of Lisbon, which comprises multiple cargo terminals, cruise terminals, and ferry terminals, as well as two entrance bars. Initially, an analysis was conducted using data obtained from the Automatic Identification System, which facilitated the creation of a density map and a map pinpointing areas where vessels navigate with less clearance to the seabed, thus identifying critical zones for navigation safety. Subsequent analyses were carried out on the bathymetric model of the study area, all surveys conducted by the Hydrographic Institute in the area, the existing confidence zones in electronic navigation charts, and finally, the nature of the seabed. All these analyses served as the foundation for calculating the Hydrographic Gap, a method capable of measuring the differences between the ideal spatial distribution of confidence zones and the existing spatial distribution. This calculation incorporated the age of the surveys as well as the decay coefficient. In the absence of these values, it was necessary to estimate a value to identify the decay in the area. Consequently, a model was created using surveys conducted by the Hydrographic Institute in the South Bar of the Tagus River, allowing for the measurement of seabed changes. With this calculation completed, a map was generated, enabling visualization of the Hydrographic Gap in the study area. Based on all this information, a critical analysis of the collected data was conducted, followed by recommendations regarding the effective lifespan of confidence zones and the zones that could benefit from a higher survey priority.
Description
Keywords
Análise Multicritério Cartas Eletrónicas de Navegação Levantamento Hidrográfico Segurança da Navegação