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Capacitação parental como promotora do desenvolvimento do toddler :
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| 31.63 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O desenvolvimento da primeira infância é uma área prioritária para a World Health
Organization (2020), tendo em conta que 43% das crianças não são capazes de
alcançar todo o seu potencial de desenvolvimento. É nos três primeiros anos de
vida, que são estabelecidas as suas bases para a saúde, o bem-estar, a
aprendizagem e a produtividade (World Health Organization, 2018).
A criança apresenta uma elevada plasticidade neural e rápida adaptação a estímulos
que depende das experiências que lhe sejam oferecidas, sendo que o
relacionamento responsivo e a interação entre as crianças e os seus
pais/cuidadores, irão permitir um desenvolvimento saudável do cérebro (Center on
the Developing Child at Harvard University, 2021). Cabe à família a responsabilidade
pelas funções de socialização e cuidados psicoafectivos da criança (Brazelton,
2018), pelo que é fundamental promover as competências parentais, como os
conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes para o desenvolvimento do seu filho
(Cardoso, Silva & Marín, 2015).
Na orientação do meu percurso formativo foram mobilizados quadros de referência
da profissão de Enfermagem, a Teoria de Médio Alcance de Afaf Meleis, e outros da
área da especialidade, como a filosofia dos Cuidados Centrados na Família.
A problemática que deu origem ao presente relatório surgiu da preocupação com a
promoção de um desenvolvimento harmonioso do todller, no decorrer das Consultas
de Vigilância de Saúde Infantil e Juvenil, contribuindo a promoção das competências
parentais para a maximização do potencial do seu desenvolvimento.
Com a realização deste relatório pretende-se espelhar o desenvolvimento das
competências especializadas na área da saúde infantil e pediatria, tendo as
experiências de estágio envolvido o planeamento, gestão, prestação e supervisão de
cuidados de Enfermagem à criança, jovem e família, com vista à maximização do
seu potencial, nos processos de saúde-doença, nos diversos contextos onde estão
inseridas.
O enfermeiro encontra-se numa posição privilegiada para facilitar as transições
experienciadas pelos pais e pelas crianças, criando e implementando estratégias
para a promoção do exercício do papel parental e a fomentação do desenvolvimento
infantil.
Como metodologia, recorreu-se à elaboração e implementação do projeto de
estágio, refletindo criticamente sobre a prática clínica nos vários contextos.
As atividades desenvolvidas permitiram alcançar os objetivos propostos,
designadamente o desenvolvimento de competências para a prestação de cuidados
especializados à criança e à família, promovendo um desenvolvimento infantil
harmonioso e competências parentais no cuidado ao toddler.
Os principais resultados conseguidos foram a aquisição de novos conhecimentos e
habilidades para a intervenção sistematizada de cuidados de Enfermagem
especializados nas transições experienciadas por criança e família, com a
compreensão deste processo, e identificação das necessidades de ambos neste
processo, facilitando e promovendo transições saudáveis.
O percurso realizado permitiu a compreensão da complexidade das transições
experienciadas aquando do desenvolvimento infantil, sendo exigentes para o
enfermeiro as estratégias implementadas para auxiliar no processo, pois necessita
de conhecimentos, habilidades, competências, empenho, investimento e dedicação.
Early childhood development is a priority area for the World Health Organization (2020), given that 43% of children are not able to reach their full developmental potential. It is in the first three years of life that the foundations for health, well-being, learning and productivity are laid (World Health Organization, 2018). The child has a high neural plasticity and rapid adaptation to stimuli that depends on the offered experiences, and the responsive relationship and interaction between children and their parents/caregivers will allow a healthy development of the brain (Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, 2021). The family is responsible for the child's socialization and psycho-affective care functions (Brazelton, 2018), so it is essential to promote parenting skills, such as knowledge, skills and attitudes for the child's development. (Cardoso, Silva & Marín, 2015). In guiding my training path, reference frameworks from the Nursing profession were mobilized, the Medium Range Theory of Afaf Meleis, and others in the area of expertise, such as the philosophy of Family-Centered Care. The problem that gave rise to this report, arose from the concern with promoting a harmonious child's development, during the Child and Youth Health Surveillance Consultations, contributing to the parenting skills promotion to maximize their development potential. With this report, we intend to mirror the specialized skills development in the child health and pediatrics area, having the internship experiences involved in the planning, management, provision and supervision of Nursing care for children, young people and families, with a view to maximizing their potential, in the health-disease processes, in the different contexts where they are inserted. Nurses are in a privileged position to facilitate the transitions experienced by parents and children, creating and implementing strategies to promote the exercise of the parental role and foster child development. As a methodology, we resorted to the internship project's elaboration and implementation, critically reflecting on clinical practice in various contexts. The activities developed made it possible to achieve the proposed objectives, namely the skills development for the provision of specialized care to the child and the family, promoting harmonious child development and parenting skills in the care of the toddler. The main results achieved were the acquisition of new knowledge and skills for the systematic intervention of specialized Nursing care in the transitions experienced by the child and family. With the understanding of this process, and identification of the needs of both in this process, facilitating and promoting healthy transitions. The path taken allowed the understanding of the complexity of the transitions experienced during child development, being demanding for the nurse the strategies implemented to assist in the process, as it requires knowledge, skills, competences, commitment, investment and dedication.
Early childhood development is a priority area for the World Health Organization (2020), given that 43% of children are not able to reach their full developmental potential. It is in the first three years of life that the foundations for health, well-being, learning and productivity are laid (World Health Organization, 2018). The child has a high neural plasticity and rapid adaptation to stimuli that depends on the offered experiences, and the responsive relationship and interaction between children and their parents/caregivers will allow a healthy development of the brain (Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, 2021). The family is responsible for the child's socialization and psycho-affective care functions (Brazelton, 2018), so it is essential to promote parenting skills, such as knowledge, skills and attitudes for the child's development. (Cardoso, Silva & Marín, 2015). In guiding my training path, reference frameworks from the Nursing profession were mobilized, the Medium Range Theory of Afaf Meleis, and others in the area of expertise, such as the philosophy of Family-Centered Care. The problem that gave rise to this report, arose from the concern with promoting a harmonious child's development, during the Child and Youth Health Surveillance Consultations, contributing to the parenting skills promotion to maximize their development potential. With this report, we intend to mirror the specialized skills development in the child health and pediatrics area, having the internship experiences involved in the planning, management, provision and supervision of Nursing care for children, young people and families, with a view to maximizing their potential, in the health-disease processes, in the different contexts where they are inserted. Nurses are in a privileged position to facilitate the transitions experienced by parents and children, creating and implementing strategies to promote the exercise of the parental role and foster child development. As a methodology, we resorted to the internship project's elaboration and implementation, critically reflecting on clinical practice in various contexts. The activities developed made it possible to achieve the proposed objectives, namely the skills development for the provision of specialized care to the child and the family, promoting harmonious child development and parenting skills in the care of the toddler. The main results achieved were the acquisition of new knowledge and skills for the systematic intervention of specialized Nursing care in the transitions experienced by the child and family. With the understanding of this process, and identification of the needs of both in this process, facilitating and promoting healthy transitions. The path taken allowed the understanding of the complexity of the transitions experienced during child development, being demanding for the nurse the strategies implemented to assist in the process, as it requires knowledge, skills, competences, commitment, investment and dedication.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem pediátrica Desenvolvimento infantil Parentalidade Empoderamento Criança