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Avaliação da biocompatibilidade in vitro de resinas compostas universais sem Bisfenol A
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Introdução: As resinas compostas são amplamente utilizadas na medicina dentária restauradora devido às suas propriedades estéticas e mecânicas.
Contudo, a polimerização incompleta pode resultar na libertação de monómeros residuais potencialmente citotóxicos, comprometendo a biocompatibilidade destes materiais. Entre estes monómeros destaca-se o Bis-GMA. Mais recentemente, foram desenvolvidas resinas compostas sem Bis-GMA, incluindo materiais universais com blending effect, com o objetivo de melhorar a segurança biológica e otimizar o resultado estético. Objetivo: Avaliar, in vitro, o efeito citotóxico de quatro resinas compostas universais, comparando três resinas sem Bis-GMA: Vittra Unique (FGM), Omnichroma (Tokuyama) e Admira Fusion (VOCO), com uma contendo Bis-GMA, Grandio SO (VOCO).
Métodos:
A citotoxicidade foi avaliada na linha celular de fibroblastos 3T3, após exposição, por 24 h, a extratos e respetivas diluições, preparados a partir de espécimes de cada resina. A viabilidade celular foi determinada através dos ensaios de MTT e de incorporação do vermelho neutro, de acordo com a norma ISO 10993.
Resultados: Verificou-se uma relação dose-dependente entre a concentração dos extratos e a viabilidade celular, observando-se uma diminuição significativa desta em condições não diluídas e um aumento progressivo com as diluições.
Nas maiores diluições, as resinas apresentaram valores elevados de viabilidade, sugerindo menor citotoxicidade em concentrações mais baixas dos extratos. Embora a resina Admira Fusion tenha apresentado os melhores resultados, não foi possível demonstrar, de forma consistente, uma menor
toxicidade das resinas sem Bis-GMA relativamente à resina que o contêm, tendo-se observado diferenças que poderão estar relacionadas com a formulação específica de cada resina.
Conclusões: A citotoxicidade das resinas compostas avaliadas parece depender da sua composição, não sendo determinada exclusivamente pela presença ou ausência de Bis-GMA. A avaliação da biocompatibilidade destes materiais deve considerar a sua formulação global.
Introduction: Composite resins are widely used in restorative dentistry due to their aesthetic and mechanical properties. However, incomplete polymerization can result in the release of potentially cytotoxic residual monomers, compromising the biocompatibility of these materials. Among these monomers, Bis-GMA stands out. More recently, Bis-GMA-free composite resins have been developed, including universal resins with a chameleon effect, with the aim of improving biological safety and optimizing aesthetic results. Objective: To evaluate, in vitro, the cytotoxic effect of four universal composite resins, comparing three Bis-GMA-free resins, Vittra Unique (FGM), Omnichroma (Tokuyama), and Admira Fusion (VOCO), with one containing Bis-GMA, Grandio SO (VOCO). Methods: Cytotoxicity was evaluated in the 3T3 fibroblast cell line following 24-hour exposure to extracts and their respective dilutions, prepared from specimens of each resin. Cell viability was determined using the MTT and neutral red incorporation assays, in accordance with ISO 10993. Results: A dose-dependent relationship was observed between extract concentration and cell viability, with a significant decrease in viability under undiluted conditions and a progressive increase with dilutions. At the highest dilutions, the resins exhibited high viability values, suggesting lower cytotoxicity at lower extract concentrations. Although the Admira Fusion resin showed the best results, it was not possible to consistently demonstrate lower toxicity of Bis-GMA-free resins compared to the resin containing Bis-GMA; differences were observed that may be related to the specific formulation of each resin. Conclusions: The cytotoxicity of the evaluated composite resins appears to depend on their composition and is not determined exclusively by the presence or absence of Bis-GMA. The assessment of the biocompatibility of these materials should consider their overall formulation.
Introduction: Composite resins are widely used in restorative dentistry due to their aesthetic and mechanical properties. However, incomplete polymerization can result in the release of potentially cytotoxic residual monomers, compromising the biocompatibility of these materials. Among these monomers, Bis-GMA stands out. More recently, Bis-GMA-free composite resins have been developed, including universal resins with a chameleon effect, with the aim of improving biological safety and optimizing aesthetic results. Objective: To evaluate, in vitro, the cytotoxic effect of four universal composite resins, comparing three Bis-GMA-free resins, Vittra Unique (FGM), Omnichroma (Tokuyama), and Admira Fusion (VOCO), with one containing Bis-GMA, Grandio SO (VOCO). Methods: Cytotoxicity was evaluated in the 3T3 fibroblast cell line following 24-hour exposure to extracts and their respective dilutions, prepared from specimens of each resin. Cell viability was determined using the MTT and neutral red incorporation assays, in accordance with ISO 10993. Results: A dose-dependent relationship was observed between extract concentration and cell viability, with a significant decrease in viability under undiluted conditions and a progressive increase with dilutions. At the highest dilutions, the resins exhibited high viability values, suggesting lower cytotoxicity at lower extract concentrations. Although the Admira Fusion resin showed the best results, it was not possible to consistently demonstrate lower toxicity of Bis-GMA-free resins compared to the resin containing Bis-GMA; differences were observed that may be related to the specific formulation of each resin. Conclusions: The cytotoxicity of the evaluated composite resins appears to depend on their composition and is not determined exclusively by the presence or absence of Bis-GMA. The assessment of the biocompatibility of these materials should consider their overall formulation.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Resinas compostas Citotoxicidade in vitro Bis-GMA Fibroblastos 3T3