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Periodontite, capacidade olfativa e halitose : um estudo piloto
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Authors
Abstract(s)
Contexto: A periodontite é uma doença inflamatória crónica que leva à destruição progressiva das estruturas de suporte dentário. Uma das manifestações mais comum é a halitose, provocada por compostos sulfurados voláteis (CSV). Evidências recentes indicam que a exposição prolongada a CSV podem comprometer a capacidade olfativa.
Objetivos: Investigar a associação entre periodontite e halitose, com especial ênfase no papel da capacidade olfativa na perceção e experiência subjetiva dos doentes.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo piloto observacional e transversal nos doentes acompanhados no Departamento de Periodontologia da Clínica Dentária Egas Moniz. Foi realizado o periodontograma e o diagnóstico periodontal de acordo com a classificação de 2018 da Federação Europeia de Periodontologia / Academia Americana de Periodontologia. A halitose foi avaliada através de um Halimeter® (medição da concentração de CSV), e a capacidade olfativa diagnosticada através do teste Sniffin’ Sticks screening 12Ò. Os dados foram analisados na plataforma de software R e a significância foi definida a p<0.05.
Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 48 participantes (25 do sexo masculino e 23 do sexo feminino), com uma média de idades de 57,2 ± 12,0 anos. A média da leitura obtida pelo Halimeter® foi de 61,5 ± 42,2 ppb. A média de respostas corretas no teste Sniffin’ SticksÒ foi de 72,0 ± 19,7%. Com base nos resultados do teste, 22 participantes foram diagnosticados com hiposmia, enquanto 26 foram classificados como normosmicos.
Verificou-se a associação significativa entre o aumento da idade e a redução da capacidade olfativa (p = 0,066).
Conclusão: Este estudo sugere que a disfunção olfativa é prevalente entre indivíduos com periodontite, com mais de metade da amostra a apresentar hiposmia. A idade demonstrou ser um fator contributivo para o declínio da função olfativa, e observaram-se diferenças no grau de severidade periodontal entre os sexos.
Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the progressive destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. A common manifestation is halitosis, caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSC). Recent evidence suggests that prolonged exposure to VSC may impair olfactory capacity. Aims: Investigate the association between periodontitis and halitosis, with special emphasis on the role of olfactory capacity in shaping patients’ subjective perception and experience. Materials and Methods: A observational pilot cross-sectional study was conducted at the Periodontology Department of Egas Moniz Dental Clinic. Periodontal charting and diagnosis were performed according to the 2018 classification of the European Federation of Periodontology / American Academy of Periodontology. Halitosis was measured using a Halimeter® (VSC concentration), and olfactory capacity was assessed using the Sniffin’ Sticks screening 12® test. Data were analyzed using the R software platform, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 48 participants were included (25 male and 23 female), with a mean age of 57.2 ± 12.0 years. The mean Halimeter® reading was 61.5 ± 42.2 ppb. The average correct response rate in the Sniffin’ SticksÒ test was 72.0 ± 19.7%. Based on the test, 22 participants were diagnosed with hyposmia, while 26 participants were classified as normosmic. Statistical analysis revealed that increased age was significantly associated with reduced olfactory capacity (p = 0.066). Conclusions: This study suggests that olfactory dysfunction is prevalent among individuals with periodontitis and halitosis, with more than half of the sample displaying hyposmia. Age appears to be a contributing factor to olfactory decline, and sex-based differences in periodontal severity were observed.
Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the progressive destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. A common manifestation is halitosis, caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSC). Recent evidence suggests that prolonged exposure to VSC may impair olfactory capacity. Aims: Investigate the association between periodontitis and halitosis, with special emphasis on the role of olfactory capacity in shaping patients’ subjective perception and experience. Materials and Methods: A observational pilot cross-sectional study was conducted at the Periodontology Department of Egas Moniz Dental Clinic. Periodontal charting and diagnosis were performed according to the 2018 classification of the European Federation of Periodontology / American Academy of Periodontology. Halitosis was measured using a Halimeter® (VSC concentration), and olfactory capacity was assessed using the Sniffin’ Sticks screening 12® test. Data were analyzed using the R software platform, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 48 participants were included (25 male and 23 female), with a mean age of 57.2 ± 12.0 years. The mean Halimeter® reading was 61.5 ± 42.2 ppb. The average correct response rate in the Sniffin’ SticksÒ test was 72.0 ± 19.7%. Based on the test, 22 participants were diagnosed with hyposmia, while 26 participants were classified as normosmic. Statistical analysis revealed that increased age was significantly associated with reduced olfactory capacity (p = 0.066). Conclusions: This study suggests that olfactory dysfunction is prevalent among individuals with periodontitis and halitosis, with more than half of the sample displaying hyposmia. Age appears to be a contributing factor to olfactory decline, and sex-based differences in periodontal severity were observed.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Função olfativa Halitose Periodontite Saúde oral