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Competências do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde infantil e pediátrica: Intervenções promotoras de vinculação do recém-nascido pré-termo extremo
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Resumo(s)
Introdução: A prática clínica desenvolvida durante os estágios permitiu a aquisição e o desenvolvimento das Competências Comuns e Específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica nas vertentes técnico-científica e relacional. O estabelecimento de uma vinculação segura consiste numa ligação emocional desenvolvida pela criança com os pais ou cuidadores, sendo crucial para o seu desenvolvimento físico, cognitivo, psicológico e emocional. Com o nascimento e subsequente internamento de um recém-nascido pré-termo extremo numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal, vários são os fatores disruptivos do vínculo pais-filho.
Objetivos: Efetuar uma análise crítico-reflexiva relativa à aquisição de Competências Comuns e Específicas nos distintos contextos de estágio; explorar as intervenções de enfermagem promotoras de vinculação do recém-nascido pré-termo extremo; apresentar uma Proposta de Intervenção com o propósito de facilitar essa vinculação.
Metodologia: Descritiva, crítico-reflexiva com Revisão Narrativa da Literatura no primeiro capítulo. No segundo capítulo, Revisão Integrativa da Literatura, visando responder à Questão de Investigação: “Quais são as intervenções de enfermagem promotoras de vinculação do recém-nascido pré-termo extremo internado em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal?”.
Resultados: As Competências Comuns e Específicas foram alcançadas com aprovação em todos os estágios realizados. Na Revisão Integrativa da Literatura, as intervenções de enfermagem identificadas foram estruturadas em três categorias: gestão do ambiente, promoção da interação pais-recém-nascido pré-termo extremo e interação enfermeiro-pais.
Conclusão: O Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica desempenha um papel essencial na promoção do processo de vinculação precoce, bem como no restabelecimento e avaliação do vínculo da díade. Portanto, tornou-se indispensável apresentar uma proposta de intervenção, com enfoque numa intervenção de enfermagem precoce, diferenciadora e adequada.
Introduction: The clinical practice developed during the internships allowed for the acquisition and development of the Common and Specific Competences of the Pediatric Specialist Nurse in the technical-scientific and relational areas. The establishment of a secure attachment is an emotional bond developed by the child with the parents or caregivers, which is crucial for their physical, cognitive, psychological and emotional development. With the birth and subsequent hospitalization of an extremely preterm infant in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, various disruptive factors can affect the parent-child bond. Objectives: To conduct a critical-reflective analysis of the acquisition of Common and Specific Competences in the different internship contexts; to explore the nursing interventions that promote attachment in the extremely preterm infant; to present an Intervention Proposal with the purpose of facilitating attachment. Methodology: Descriptive, critical-reflective with a Narrative Literature Review in the first chapter. In the second chapter, Integrative Literature Review, aiming to answer the Research Question: “What are the nursing interventions that promote attachment in extremely preterm infant admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?”. Results: The Common and Specific Competencies were achieved with approval in all the Internships. In the Integrative Literature Review, the nursing interventions identified were structured into three categories: management of the environment, promotion of parent-extremely preterm infant interaction and nurse-parent interaction. Conclusion: The Pediatric Specialist Nurse plays a crucial role in promoting the early attachment process, as well as in re-establishing and evaluating the dyad bond. Therefore, it has become essential to present an intervention proposal, with a focus on an early, differentiated and appropriate nursing intervention.
Introduction: The clinical practice developed during the internships allowed for the acquisition and development of the Common and Specific Competences of the Pediatric Specialist Nurse in the technical-scientific and relational areas. The establishment of a secure attachment is an emotional bond developed by the child with the parents or caregivers, which is crucial for their physical, cognitive, psychological and emotional development. With the birth and subsequent hospitalization of an extremely preterm infant in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, various disruptive factors can affect the parent-child bond. Objectives: To conduct a critical-reflective analysis of the acquisition of Common and Specific Competences in the different internship contexts; to explore the nursing interventions that promote attachment in the extremely preterm infant; to present an Intervention Proposal with the purpose of facilitating attachment. Methodology: Descriptive, critical-reflective with a Narrative Literature Review in the first chapter. In the second chapter, Integrative Literature Review, aiming to answer the Research Question: “What are the nursing interventions that promote attachment in extremely preterm infant admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?”. Results: The Common and Specific Competencies were achieved with approval in all the Internships. In the Integrative Literature Review, the nursing interventions identified were structured into three categories: management of the environment, promotion of parent-extremely preterm infant interaction and nurse-parent interaction. Conclusion: The Pediatric Specialist Nurse plays a crucial role in promoting the early attachment process, as well as in re-establishing and evaluating the dyad bond. Therefore, it has become essential to present an intervention proposal, with a focus on an early, differentiated and appropriate nursing intervention.
Descrição
Curso de Mestrado ministrado em parceria com a Escola Superior de Enfermagem S. José de Cluny.
Palavras-chave
Recém-nascido pré-termo extremo Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal Vinculação Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica Extremely preterm Infant Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Attachment Pediatric Specialist Nurse