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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os riscos psicossociais relacionados com o trabalho pertencem ao conjunto dos riscos
emergentes que maiores desafios têm vindo a apresentar em matéria de segurança e saúde
no trabalho, que se traduzem num impacto significativo na saúde de pessoas, organizações
e economias nacionais.
Os riscos psicossociais, segundo a Agência Europeia para a Segurança e Saúde no
Trabalho (AESST) (2017), provêm de um contexto social de trabalho problemático, com
base nas deficiências na concepção, organização e gestão do trabalho, trazendo efeitos
negativos a nível psicológico, físico e social que se podem traduzir em stresse relacionado
com o trabalho, esgotamento ou depressão.
O presente estudo pretende avaliar os riscos psicossociais percepcionados pelos
enfermeiros e situações do seu quotidiano laboral que podem causar stress, procedendo-se
ainda à análise associando variáveis sociodemográficas e socioprofissionais. Neste sentido,
foi criado um questionário como instrumento de colheita de dados, tendo como base o
“Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire” (COPSOQ) e a Escala de Stresse Profissional
dos Enfermeiros (ESPE), que foram adaptados ao contexto em causa, dos quais resultaram,
respectivamente 7 dimensões e 7 fatores, que foram analisados associando as referidas
variáveis.
Do estudo realizado, verificou-se que os enfermeiros do Serviço de Urgência Geral do
Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, encontram-se em risco intermédio para a saúde na maior
parte das dimensões do COPSOQ, sendo de salientar o risco elevado para a saúde no que
se refere às Exigências Laborais e no Conflito Trabalho-Família. Na frequência de
situações vividas como stressantes destaca-se o fator Carga de Trabalho, que apresenta
frequência elevada de situações geradoras de stresse nos enfermeiros, sendo o expoente
máximo o item falta de pessoal para cobrir de forma adequada as necessidades do
serviço, em que 55,4% responderam “frequentemente” e 38,5% consideraram “muito
frequentemente”.
Work-related psychosocial risks are one of the emerging challenges to safety and health at work, which translates into a significant impact on the health of national people, organizations and economies. Psychosocial risks, according to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (AESST) (2017), come from a problematic social context of work, based on deficiencies in the conception, organization and management of work, with negative psychological, physical and social effects, that can translate into work-related stress, exhaustion or depression. This study intends to evaluate the psychosocial risks perceived by nurses and situations in their daily work life that can cause stress, and the analysis is associated with sociodemographic and socio-professional variables. In this sense, a questionnaire was created as a data collection instrument, based on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and the Nurses Stress Scale (NSS), which were adapted to the context in question, resulting in 7 dimensions and 7 factors, which were analyzed by associating said variables. From this study, it was verified that the nurses of the “Serviço de Urgência Geral do Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal”, are at intermediate risk for health in most of the dimensions of COPSOQ, and the high health risk in Labor Requirements and the Work-Family Conflict. In the frequency of situations experienced as stressful, the Workload factor stands out, which presents a high frequency of stress-generating situations in nurses, with the maximum exponent being the lack of personnel to adequately cover the needs of the service, where 55,4% responded "frequently" and 38,5% considered "very frequently".
Work-related psychosocial risks are one of the emerging challenges to safety and health at work, which translates into a significant impact on the health of national people, organizations and economies. Psychosocial risks, according to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (AESST) (2017), come from a problematic social context of work, based on deficiencies in the conception, organization and management of work, with negative psychological, physical and social effects, that can translate into work-related stress, exhaustion or depression. This study intends to evaluate the psychosocial risks perceived by nurses and situations in their daily work life that can cause stress, and the analysis is associated with sociodemographic and socio-professional variables. In this sense, a questionnaire was created as a data collection instrument, based on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and the Nurses Stress Scale (NSS), which were adapted to the context in question, resulting in 7 dimensions and 7 factors, which were analyzed by associating said variables. From this study, it was verified that the nurses of the “Serviço de Urgência Geral do Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal”, are at intermediate risk for health in most of the dimensions of COPSOQ, and the high health risk in Labor Requirements and the Work-Family Conflict. In the frequency of situations experienced as stressful, the Workload factor stands out, which presents a high frequency of stress-generating situations in nurses, with the maximum exponent being the lack of personnel to adequately cover the needs of the service, where 55,4% responded "frequently" and 38,5% considered "very frequently".
Description
Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau
de Mestre em Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho
Keywords
Riscos psicossociais Enfermeiros Trabalho Psychosocial Risks Nurses Labor MSHT
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais