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Publication
Organização da gestão ambiental em metalomecânica.
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 8.47 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho tem como finalidade estudar uma empresa produtora de moldes em
alumínio, no que concerne à produção de resíduos industriais, provenientes da
maquinação de todos os metais que compõem o molde, bem como todos os elementos
não metálicos, que contribuem para o produto final. Apesar do material principal
utilizado na fabricação deste molde ser o alumínio, uma pequena percentagem
corresponde a outros metais. Este molde é produzido em peças maquinadas na sua
maioria em máquinas CNC (Control Number Computer), pela vantagem acrescida no
uso constante do mesmo programa para repetição das operações na produção de
centenas de peças iguais. A repetição das peças pelo método referenciado torna mais
rentável a sua produção. Fazem parte dos objetivos deste trabalho explicar a gestão do
alumínio no ciclo produtivo da empresa, comparar o consumo de energia na produção
do alumínio, a partir do minério, e o consumo de energia, a partir da reciclagem de
resíduos e sobrantes do mesmo metal, bem como descrever o processo de
implementação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental (SGA), segundo a Norma ISO
14001, este último relacionado com conceitos como a política, a melhoria contínua e o
cumprimento da legislação vigente. Para além disto, identificam-se as necessidades para
a sua implementação e quais os benefícios esperados. Foi feita uma pesquisa e um
estudo histórico da fundição de metais, bem como a explicação do modelo produzido
pelos métodos atuais. Verifica-se uma preocupação e um compromisso crescente na
empresa com o ambiente e os impactes causados com os resíduos que esta produz.
Identifica-se alguma resistência e dificuldade na implementação de procedimentos e
medidas de gestão ambiental, uma vez que as opiniões se dividem entre os que acham
importante esta evolução e os que preferem resistir à mudança. Para estes últimos, a
falta de recursos financeiros não permite disponibilizar um ou mais colaboradores para
formação e, posteriormente, procederem a todas as atividades que a Implementação do
Sistema de Gestão Ambiental exige. Por outro lado, a empresa pensa nos benefícios
esperados com a implementação e certificação do sistema, que passam pela
minimização dos impactes ambientais, por uma melhor imagem da empresa face aos
clientes e face à região e, a longo prazo, uma redução de custos e desperdícios, bem
como um aumento de competitividade no mercado na oferta dos serviços.
This work aims to study a company producing aluminum molds, regarding the production of industrial waste from the machining of all metals that make up the mold, as well as all non-metals, that contribute to the final product. Although the main material used to make this mold is aluminum, a small percentage corresponds to other metals. This mold is produced in small or large work pieces mostly on CNC machines (Computer Numerical Control), due to the advantage of using the same program for repetition of operations in the production of hundreds of tiles. The repetition of the parts, by the referenced method, makes it more profitable to production. That being said, the objectives of this work are: to explain the management of aluminum in the productive cycle of the company; to compare the energy consumption in production of aluminum from the ore and the power consumption from the recycling of waste and surplus of the same metal, as well as describe the implementation process of an Environmental Management System (EMS) according to normative ISO 14001, this last one related to concepts such as politics, the continuous improvement and the compliance with current legislation. In addition, we intend to identify the needs for its implementation and the benefits expected. We did a research and an historical study of metal melting, as well as the explanation of the model produced by current methods. We found that there is a growing concern and commitment in the company regarding the environment and the impact of the waste production. We identify that there is still some resistance in the implementation of procedures and measures of environmental management, since opinions are divided between those who think that this development is important and those who are resisting to the changes. For these last ones, the lack of financial resources available does not allow them to dispense one or more employees for training and subsequently carry out all activities that the Implementation of Environmental Management System requires. On the other hand, the company believes in the benefits expected from the implementation and the certification of the system, which pass through the minimization of environmental impacts, the improvement of the corporate image for customers and for the region and, in the long term, a reduction of the costs and wastes, as well as an increase market competitiveness in the provision of services.
This work aims to study a company producing aluminum molds, regarding the production of industrial waste from the machining of all metals that make up the mold, as well as all non-metals, that contribute to the final product. Although the main material used to make this mold is aluminum, a small percentage corresponds to other metals. This mold is produced in small or large work pieces mostly on CNC machines (Computer Numerical Control), due to the advantage of using the same program for repetition of operations in the production of hundreds of tiles. The repetition of the parts, by the referenced method, makes it more profitable to production. That being said, the objectives of this work are: to explain the management of aluminum in the productive cycle of the company; to compare the energy consumption in production of aluminum from the ore and the power consumption from the recycling of waste and surplus of the same metal, as well as describe the implementation process of an Environmental Management System (EMS) according to normative ISO 14001, this last one related to concepts such as politics, the continuous improvement and the compliance with current legislation. In addition, we intend to identify the needs for its implementation and the benefits expected. We did a research and an historical study of metal melting, as well as the explanation of the model produced by current methods. We found that there is a growing concern and commitment in the company regarding the environment and the impact of the waste production. We identify that there is still some resistance in the implementation of procedures and measures of environmental management, since opinions are divided between those who think that this development is important and those who are resisting to the changes. For these last ones, the lack of financial resources available does not allow them to dispense one or more employees for training and subsequently carry out all activities that the Implementation of Environmental Management System requires. On the other hand, the company believes in the benefits expected from the implementation and the certification of the system, which pass through the minimization of environmental impacts, the improvement of the corporate image for customers and for the region and, in the long term, a reduction of the costs and wastes, as well as an increase market competitiveness in the provision of services.
Description
Keywords
Sistema Gestão Ambiental Alumínio Impacte Ambiental Gestão de Resíduos Environmental Management System Aluminum Environmental Impact Waste Management.