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Intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação na capacitação da mulher submetida a cirurgia da mama em contexto de cancro
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Abstract(s)
O cancro da mama é o tipo de cancro com maior incidência, na mulher, em todo o mundo. A intervenção cirúrgica é o tratamento mais utilizado para o cancro de mama, porém, este pode levar ao surgimento de complicações a nível físico, tais como a diminuição da força muscular do membro superior do lado operado, alterações da funcionalidade, dor e linfedema, mas também a nível psicológico, com alteração da autoestima e autoimagem.
O Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) atua no período peri-operatório, com vista à prevenção de complicações e maximização do potencial funcional da mulher, capacitando-a para a satisfação do autocuidado, uma das áreas prioritárias definidas pela Assembleia do Colégio da Especialidade de Enfermagem de Reabilitação.
Neste sentido, foi desenvolvida uma revisão scoping, dando resposta à questão de investigação: Qual o conhecimento disponível sobre a capacitação da mulher com cancro de mama submetida a cirurgia da mama?
Através da investigação foi possível perceber que as principais intervenções descritas, são ao nível de exercícios e ensinos peri-operatórios, desporto, terapias complementares e realidade virtual. O EEER possui competências especificas que lhe permitem atuar neste sentido, através de implementação de programas de reabilitação individualizados e personalizados às necessidades de cada mulher.
Tratando-se de um relatório de estágio, pretendeu-se também descrever e analisar criteriosamente as atividades desenvolvidas ao longo dos vários contextos de estágio, e de que forma contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de competências comuns do enfermeiro especialista (EE), especificas do EEER e direcionadas à temática abordada.
O referencial teórico utilizado foi a Teoria do Autocuidado de Dorothea Orem, como suporte de uma prática centrada no cliente e também do presente relatório.
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Surgery is the most widely treatment for breast cancer, but it can lead to complications on physical level such as reduced muscle strength in the upper limb on the operated side, changes in function, pain and lymphoedema but also on a psychological level with changes in self-esteem and self-image. The Rehabilitation Nurse care in the perioperative period to prevent complications and maximise a woman’s functional potential, enabling her to enjoy self-care which is one of the priority areas defined by the Assembly of the Rehabilitation Nursing College. In this sense, a scoping review was carried out to answer the research question: What knowledge is available on the empowerment of women with breast cancer who have undergone breast surgery? The research revealed that the main interventions described are exercises and perioperative practices, sport, complementary therapies, and virtual reality. The Rehabilitation Nurse has specific skills which allow to act in this sense by implementing individualised rehabilitation programmes tailored to the needs of each woman. Since it is an internship report, the aim was also to carefully describe and analyse the activities carried out throughout the various internship contexts, and how they contributed to the development of common skills to specialist nurses, specific to nurses in rehabilitation nursing and directed to the research subject matter. The theorical framework used was Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Theory, which supports client-centred practice and this report.
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Surgery is the most widely treatment for breast cancer, but it can lead to complications on physical level such as reduced muscle strength in the upper limb on the operated side, changes in function, pain and lymphoedema but also on a psychological level with changes in self-esteem and self-image. The Rehabilitation Nurse care in the perioperative period to prevent complications and maximise a woman’s functional potential, enabling her to enjoy self-care which is one of the priority areas defined by the Assembly of the Rehabilitation Nursing College. In this sense, a scoping review was carried out to answer the research question: What knowledge is available on the empowerment of women with breast cancer who have undergone breast surgery? The research revealed that the main interventions described are exercises and perioperative practices, sport, complementary therapies, and virtual reality. The Rehabilitation Nurse has specific skills which allow to act in this sense by implementing individualised rehabilitation programmes tailored to the needs of each woman. Since it is an internship report, the aim was also to carefully describe and analyse the activities carried out throughout the various internship contexts, and how they contributed to the development of common skills to specialist nurses, specific to nurses in rehabilitation nursing and directed to the research subject matter. The theorical framework used was Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Theory, which supports client-centred practice and this report.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem em reabilitação Mulheres Neoplasias Neoplasias da mama Cirurgia geral