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Educação em sexualidade na escola: um projeto com adolescentes
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Abstract(s)
A Educação em sexualidade nas escolas contribui expressivamente para esclarecer, ampliar conhecimentos, discutir conceitos e orientar quanto ao início da vida sexual. Paralelamente a isso, a mídia trata de fornecer informações amplas, de forma universal e de fácil acesso. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de diagnosticar o que os e as adolescentes sabem sobre sexualidade, saúde sexual e reprodutiva, bem como, onde e como buscam informações sobre a temática. Foi implementado, na escola, um projeto de educação em sexualidade, com adolescentes, sobre problemáticas atuais, veiculadas na internet, com impacto na saúde sexual e reprodutiva em uma unidade escolar, em São Luís, Maranhão –Brasil. O trabalho desenvolveu-se de fevereiro a maio de 2017. A obtenção dos dados foi feita por meio de aplicação e análise de questionários (apêndices A e B) e através de 05 sessões de intervenção com estudantes. Os resultados analisados, apontam incidência de interesse, no sexo feminino, pelo assunto sexualidade (62%); a primeira relação sexual ocorre entre 12 e 15 anos, considerada precoce, na primeira fase da adolescência. Quanto à atitude em relação à gravidez não planejada e às doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, 90% dos/as adolescentes afirmam usar métodos contraceptivos e de prevenção, sendo a camisinha/preservativo o método mais utilizado (79%). Em relação à busca de informações sobre sexualidade, 56% apontam a internet como fonte principal de informação, 25% recorrem a amigos/familiares e 25% a revistas e jornais. Destaca-se que 100% dos/as participantes gostariam de ter a educação em sexualidade na escola como disciplina básica e não apenas como temas transversais. Contudo ressalta-se, a necessidade de iniciar educação em sexualidade de forma contínua e permanente, no ensino fundamental, uma vez que a prática da iniciação sexual está ocorrendo mais cedo, como evidencia este estudo.
Sexuality education in schools contributes significantly to clarifying, broadening knowledge, discussing concepts and orienting the beginning of sexual life. Alongside this, the media tries to provide ample information, in a universal and easily accessible way. This study was conducted to diagnose what adolescents know about sexuality, sexual and reproductive health, as well as where and how they seek information on the subject. A school-based sexuality education project was implemented at the school in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, on current issues on the Internet, with an impact on sexual and reproductive health. The study was carried out from February to May 2017. The data were obtained through application and analysis of questionnaires (appendix A and B) and through 05 intervention sessions with students. The analyzed results indicate an incidence of interest in the female sex, due to sexuality (62%); the first intercourse occurs between the ages of 12 and 15, considered to be early in the first phase of adolescence. Regarding the attitude toward unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, 90% of adolescents say they use contraception and prevention methods, with condom being the most used method (79%).Regarding the search for information about sexuality, 56% point to the internet as the main source of information, 25% refer to friends / relatives and 25% to magazines and newspapers. It is highlighted that 100% of the participants would like to have sexuality education in the school as a basic discipline and not only as cross-cutting themes. However, the need to initiate sexuality education in a continuous and permanent way in elementary school, since the practice of sexual initiation is occurring earlier, as evidenced by this study.
Sexuality education in schools contributes significantly to clarifying, broadening knowledge, discussing concepts and orienting the beginning of sexual life. Alongside this, the media tries to provide ample information, in a universal and easily accessible way. This study was conducted to diagnose what adolescents know about sexuality, sexual and reproductive health, as well as where and how they seek information on the subject. A school-based sexuality education project was implemented at the school in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, on current issues on the Internet, with an impact on sexual and reproductive health. The study was carried out from February to May 2017. The data were obtained through application and analysis of questionnaires (appendix A and B) and through 05 intervention sessions with students. The analyzed results indicate an incidence of interest in the female sex, due to sexuality (62%); the first intercourse occurs between the ages of 12 and 15, considered to be early in the first phase of adolescence. Regarding the attitude toward unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, 90% of adolescents say they use contraception and prevention methods, with condom being the most used method (79%).Regarding the search for information about sexuality, 56% point to the internet as the main source of information, 25% refer to friends / relatives and 25% to magazines and newspapers. It is highlighted that 100% of the participants would like to have sexuality education in the school as a basic discipline and not only as cross-cutting themes. However, the need to initiate sexuality education in a continuous and permanent way in elementary school, since the practice of sexual initiation is occurring earlier, as evidenced by this study.
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Keywords
Educação sexual Sexualidade Adolescente Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis Meios de comunicação de massa