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The global spread of HIV-1 subtype B epidemic

2016-12Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorMagiorkinis, Gkikas
dc.contributor.authorAngelis, Konstantinos
dc.contributor.authorMamais, Ioannis
dc.contributor.authorKatzourakis, Aris
dc.contributor.authorHatzakis, Angelos
dc.contributor.authorAlbert, Jan
dc.contributor.authorLawyer, Glenn
dc.contributor.authorHamouda, Osamah
dc.contributor.authorStruck, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorVercauteren, Jurgen
dc.contributor.authorWensing, Annemarie
dc.contributor.authorAlexiev, Ivailo
dc.contributor.authorÅsjö, Birgitta
dc.contributor.authorBalotta, Claudia
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Perpétua
dc.contributor.authorCamacho, Ricardo J.
dc.contributor.authorCoughlan, Suzie
dc.contributor.authorGriskevicius, Algirdas
dc.contributor.authorGrossman, Zehava
dc.contributor.authorHorban, Anders
dc.contributor.authorKostrikis, Leondios G.
dc.contributor.authorLepej, Snjezana J.
dc.contributor.authorLiitsola, Kirsi
dc.contributor.authorLinka, Marek
dc.contributor.authorNielsen, Claus
dc.contributor.authorOtelea, Dan
dc.contributor.authorParedes, Roger
dc.contributor.authorPoljak, Mario
dc.contributor.authorPuchhammer-Stöckl, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.authorSchmit, Jean Claude
dc.contributor.authorSönnerborg, Anders
dc.contributor.authorStaneková, Danica
dc.contributor.authorStanojevic, Maja
dc.contributor.authorStylianou, Dora C.
dc.contributor.authorBoucher, Charles A. B.
dc.contributor.authorNikolopoulos, Georgios
dc.contributor.authorVasylyeva, Tetyana
dc.contributor.authorFriedman, Samuel R.
dc.contributor.authorvan de Vijver, David
dc.contributor.authorAngarano, Gioacchino
dc.contributor.authorChaix, Marie-Laure
dc.contributor.authorLuca, Andrea de
dc.contributor.authorKorn, Klaus
dc.contributor.authorLoveday, Clive
dc.contributor.authorSoriano, Vincent
dc.contributor.authorYerly, Sabine
dc.contributor.authorZazzi, Mauricio
dc.contributor.authorVandamme, Anne-Mieke
dc.contributor.authorParaskevis, Dimitrios
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-20T11:48:29Z
dc.date.available2019-12-20T11:48:29Z
dc.date.issued2016-12
dc.descriptionThis is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)pt_PT
dc.description.abstractHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was discovered in the early 1980s when the virus had already established a pandemic. For at least three decades the epidemic in the Western World has been dominated by subtype B infections, as part of a sub-epidemic that traveled from Africa through Haiti to United States. However, the pattern of the subsequent spread still remains poorly understood. Here we analyze a large dataset of globally representative HIV-1 subtype B strains to map their spread around the world over the last 50years and describe significant spread patterns. We show that subtype B travelled from North America to Western Europe in different occasions, while Central/Eastern Europe remained isolated for the most part of the early epidemic. Looking with more detail in European countries we see that the United Kingdom, France and Switzerland exchanged viral isolates with non-European countries than with European ones. The observed pattern is likely to mirror geopolitical landmarks in the post-World War II era, namely the rise and the fall of the Iron Curtain and the European colonialism. In conclusion, HIV-1 spread through specific migration routes which are consistent with geopolitical factors that affected human activities during the last 50 years, such as migration, tourism and trade. Our findings support the argument that epidemic control policies should be global and incorporate political and socioeconomic factors.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationInfect Genet Evol. 2016 Dec;46:169-179. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.05.041pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.meegid.2016.05.041pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1567-1348
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/30650
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherElsevierpt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2016.05.041pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectHIV-1pt_PT
dc.subjectMigrationpt_PT
dc.subjectMigration patternpt_PT
dc.subjectPhylogeographypt_PT
dc.subjectSubtype Bpt_PT
dc.titleThe global spread of HIV-1 subtype B epidemicpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage179pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage169pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleInfection, Genetics and Evolutionpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume46pt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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