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Cuidar da pessoa idosa em fim de vida e família em casa :
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| 6.28 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Devido ao envelhecimento, a pessoa idosa depara-se com um aumento das
doenças crónicas e comorbilidades associadas, algumas sem tratamento ou cura, o
que aumenta a vulnerabilidade da mesma. Ao tornar-se vulnerável, fica frágil e em
risco de perder a sua autonomia, sofrer complicações e ficar hospitalizada ou
institucionalizada, ou mesmo morrer, na maioria das vezes longe da sua casa e da
sua família.
Quando se encontra em fim de vida, a pessoa idosa carece de ações e/ou
cuidados paliativos de enfermagem, que deem resposta às sua necessidades durante
a hospitalização para controlar a fase aguda, e depois de controlada esta fase, os
cuidados têm de ser continuados numa instituição ou em casa. De acordo com a mais
recente evidência cientifica e durante o meu percurso de estágio clínico em contexto
hospitalar e comunitário, percebi que algumas pessoas idosas preferem morrer na sua
casa.
A realização deste trabalho seguiu a metodologia de projeto, tendo como
objetivo desenvolver competências de mestre e enfermeira especialista em
enfermagem médico-cirúrgica para cuidar da pessoa idosa em fim de vida e família
em casa.
Qualquer que seja o contexto de intervenção do enfermeiro especialista, as
intervenções devem ser humanizadas e ir ao encontro das necessidades da pessoa
idosa em fim de vida, assim como da sua família, ao proporcionar conforto, diminuir,
aliviar, ou eliminar a dor. Os cuidados prestados foram norteados com base no
referencial teórico do cuidado centrado na pessoa (McCormack & McCance, 2006).
Dos resultados da implementação do projeto, verifica-se que em casa, a pessoa
idosa em fim de vida tem acesso a cuidados prestados por Equipas de Cuidados
Continuados Integrados (ECCI) que se articulam com outras unidades, consoante as
necessidades das pessoas e sempre em parceria com a família. No entanto, o sistema
de saúde ainda tem um longo caminho pela frente, quer a nível do desenvolvimento
das redes completas de cuidados na comunidade, quer pelo desenvolvimento dos
serviços e formação dos profissionais para a prestação de cuidados paliativos.
Duo to ageing, the elderly person is faced with the increase of chronic diseases and associated comorbidities, some of them without treatment or cure, which increases her vulnerability. By becoming vulnerable, she gets fragile and at risk of losing her own autonomy, suffering complications, and staying hospitalized or institutionalized, or even dying, most of the time far from her house and her family. When the elderly person is at the end of her life, she lacks actions and/or nursing palliative cares, which responds to her needs during the hospitalization to control the acute phase, and after this phase is controlled, the cares must be continued in an institution or at home. According to the most recent scientific evidence and during my clinical traineeship in hospital and communal context, I understood that some elderly people prefer to go home to die. This work’s execution followed the project methodology, by having the goal of developing personal master and nurse specialist in medical-surgical skills to take care of the elderly person at the end-of-life and family at home. Whatever the nursing specialist context of intervention is, the interventions must be humanized and must meet the elderly person at the end-of-life needs, as well as her family needs, by providing comfort, decreasing, relieving, or removing the pain. The provided cares were guided based on the person-centered care theoretical reference (McCormack & McCance, 2006). From the results of the project implementation, it turns out that at home, the elderly person at the end-of-life has access to cares provided by Integrated Continuing Care Teams (ICCT) that link itself with other unities, depending on the people needs and always in family partnership. However, the health system still has a long path away, whether in terms of the complete networks of community cares development, or for the services development and professional training to provide palliative cares.
Duo to ageing, the elderly person is faced with the increase of chronic diseases and associated comorbidities, some of them without treatment or cure, which increases her vulnerability. By becoming vulnerable, she gets fragile and at risk of losing her own autonomy, suffering complications, and staying hospitalized or institutionalized, or even dying, most of the time far from her house and her family. When the elderly person is at the end of her life, she lacks actions and/or nursing palliative cares, which responds to her needs during the hospitalization to control the acute phase, and after this phase is controlled, the cares must be continued in an institution or at home. According to the most recent scientific evidence and during my clinical traineeship in hospital and communal context, I understood that some elderly people prefer to go home to die. This work’s execution followed the project methodology, by having the goal of developing personal master and nurse specialist in medical-surgical skills to take care of the elderly person at the end-of-life and family at home. Whatever the nursing specialist context of intervention is, the interventions must be humanized and must meet the elderly person at the end-of-life needs, as well as her family needs, by providing comfort, decreasing, relieving, or removing the pain. The provided cares were guided based on the person-centered care theoretical reference (McCormack & McCance, 2006). From the results of the project implementation, it turns out that at home, the elderly person at the end-of-life has access to cares provided by Integrated Continuing Care Teams (ICCT) that link itself with other unities, depending on the people needs and always in family partnership. However, the health system still has a long path away, whether in terms of the complete networks of community cares development, or for the services development and professional training to provide palliative cares.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem geriátrica Idoso Família Cuidados de enfermagem