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Dor: Avaliação na pessoa em situação crítica - Desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, na área da Enfermagem à Pessoa em Situação Crítica
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Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, na área de Enfermagem à Pessoa em Situação Crítica
(MEMCPSCT), realizado na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, com vista a obter o grau
académico de Mestre e posterior atribuição, por parte da Ordem dos Enfermeiros, do título
profissional de Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, na área de
Enfermagem à Pessoa em Situação Crítica. Neste sentido, o seu principal objetivo é descrever,
através de uma análise crítico-reflexiva, o processo de desenvolvimento de competências
associadas ao grau de mestre e, em paralelo, aquelas que se reportam ao perfil do Enfermeiro
Especialista na área, atendendo aos normativos aplicáveis e propostos pela Ordem dos
Enfermeiros.
Os cuidados de enfermagem, nomeadamente aqueles que são concebidos e prestados por
mestres e especialistas devem ser, cada vez mais, baseados nas melhores evidências
disponíveis e focalizados em áreas de atenção que são muito características de cada contexto
da prática. O cuidado à Pessoa em Situação Crítica, pelas suas singularidades, exige um corpo
de competências alargado, mas preciso, com vista processos assistências marcados por grande
diferenciação e especialização.
O desenvolvimento de competências reportado, sendo um contínuo dinâmico, teve como marco
a realização de um Estágio de Natureza Profissional (Módulo I e Módulo II), em três contextos
diferentes de assistência à pessoa em situação crítica: um Serviço de Urgência, uma Unidade de
Cuidados Intensivos de Cardiologia e uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente. Estes
contextos apresentaram diferentes situações e pretextos de aprendizagem, pelo que, a forma
de estar na prática clínica, foi a permanente intenção de aproveitar as oportunidades de
aprendizagem oferecidas pelos referidos contextos clínicos. Ao longo do estágio, foram
consideradas todas as competências clínicas especializadas, com um foco particular na
problemática da avaliação da dor na Pessoa em Situação Crítica que não a consegue verbalizar,
enquanto fio condutor do processo. A dor é, sem qualquer dúvida, um fenómeno muito
relevante no cuidado à pessoa em situação crítica, pelo que a sua correta avaliação exige
competência e a devida atenção.
Este relatório está organizado em três secções: a caracterização dos contextos clínicos onde
decorreu o estágio; um “estudo de caso” que ilustra a conceção de cuidados de enfermagem; e
os contributos do vivenciado para o desenvolvimento de competências.
The internship report presented is part of the Master's Degree in Medical-Surgical Nursing, in the area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations, carried out at the Porto School of Nursing, with a view to obtaining the academic degree of Master and subsequent attribution, by the Order of Nurses, of the professional title of Specialist Nurse in Medical-Surgical Nursing, in the area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations. In this sense, its main objective is to describe, through a critical-reflective analysis, the process of developing skills associated with the master's degree and, in parallel, those that relate to the profile of the Specialist Nurse in the area, meeting the legal regulations and those proposed by the Order of Nurses. Nursing care, particularly that designed and provided by experts and specialists, must increasingly be based on the best available evidence and focused on areas of care that are very characteristic of each practice context. Care for People in Critical situation, due to its singularities, requires a broad but precise set of skills, with a view to care processes marked by great specialization and expertise. The development of reported skills, being a dynamic continuum, was marked by the completion of a Professional Internship (Module I and Module II), in three different contexts of assistance to Care for People in Critical situation: an Emergency Service, a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit and a Multipurpose Intensive Care Unit. These contexts presented different situations and pretexts for learning, therefore, the way of being in clinical practice was the permanent intention of taking advantage of the learning opportunities offered by the mentioned clinical contexts. Throughout the internship, all specialized clinical skills were considered, with a particular focus on the issue of assessing pain in People in Critical Situations who are unable to verbalize, as the guiding thread of the process. Pain is, without a shadow of a doubt, a very relevant phenomenon in the care of Care for People in Critical situation, which is why its correct assessment requires competence and due attention. This report is organized into three sections: a characterization of the clinical contexts where the internship took place; a “case study” that illustrates the concept of nursing care; and the contributions of experience to the development of skills.
The internship report presented is part of the Master's Degree in Medical-Surgical Nursing, in the area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations, carried out at the Porto School of Nursing, with a view to obtaining the academic degree of Master and subsequent attribution, by the Order of Nurses, of the professional title of Specialist Nurse in Medical-Surgical Nursing, in the area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations. In this sense, its main objective is to describe, through a critical-reflective analysis, the process of developing skills associated with the master's degree and, in parallel, those that relate to the profile of the Specialist Nurse in the area, meeting the legal regulations and those proposed by the Order of Nurses. Nursing care, particularly that designed and provided by experts and specialists, must increasingly be based on the best available evidence and focused on areas of care that are very characteristic of each practice context. Care for People in Critical situation, due to its singularities, requires a broad but precise set of skills, with a view to care processes marked by great specialization and expertise. The development of reported skills, being a dynamic continuum, was marked by the completion of a Professional Internship (Module I and Module II), in three different contexts of assistance to Care for People in Critical situation: an Emergency Service, a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit and a Multipurpose Intensive Care Unit. These contexts presented different situations and pretexts for learning, therefore, the way of being in clinical practice was the permanent intention of taking advantage of the learning opportunities offered by the mentioned clinical contexts. Throughout the internship, all specialized clinical skills were considered, with a particular focus on the issue of assessing pain in People in Critical Situations who are unable to verbalize, as the guiding thread of the process. Pain is, without a shadow of a doubt, a very relevant phenomenon in the care of Care for People in Critical situation, which is why its correct assessment requires competence and due attention. This report is organized into three sections: a characterization of the clinical contexts where the internship took place; a “case study” that illustrates the concept of nursing care; and the contributions of experience to the development of skills.
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Competências Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica Dor Pessoa em Situação Crítica